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Adaptations of Plants & Animals. What is an adaptation?. A special characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment Happens over a long period of time Based on Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution Common adaptations: hibernation, migration, and camouflage.
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What is an adaptation? • A special characteristic that helps an organism survive in its environment • Happens over a long period of time • Based on Charles Darwin’s Theory of Evolution • Common adaptations: hibernation, migration, andcamouflage
Galapagos FinchesDarwin’s Finches Darwin observed finches in the Galapagos were different from one island to another. Their beaks were different based on the food they ate.
Adaptations Behaviors Structures (Physical Features) camouflage, defense, food obtainment, locomotion, reproduction migration, hibernation, dormancy
Behavioral Adaptations- what an organism does to survive migration hibernation dormancy Seasonal movement from one place to another How does this aid in survival? Not only birds! To become inactive during the winter How does this aid in survival? Not only bears! The state in which a plant is alive but not actively growing. How does this aid in survival? Do all plants need this adaptation? Humpback whale Monarch Butterfly Garter Snake Queen Bumblebee
Structural Adaptations-features of an organism’s body that help it survive camouflage defense food obtainment Cactus spines Blending into surroundings How does this aid in survival? Protection from predators getting food for energy Goldenrod crab spider Sharp Teeth leopard Mimicry: Owl & Owl Butterfly Long neck Mutualism: Acacia Tree & Aggressive Ants beak
Structural Adaptations-features of an organism’s body that help it survive locomotion Reproductive success Allows an organism to make more of its own kind Allows an organism to move in its environment How does this aid in survival? Wings • Identify at least one other structural adaptation of the bald eagle.
Now for the fun… • Stand if you think the adaptation is behavioral • Sit if you think it’s structural • Write migration, locomotion, dormancy, camouflage, defense, food obtainment, reproduction on your whiteboard (if it applies) • Some of these are meant to challenge you, so don’t get discouraged!
Bactrian CamelUses humps as storage during long periods without water Misconception Alert!!! The camel does not store water in its humps. It stores fat in them. The fat can be converted to water and energy when needed. Why does the camel have such beautiful eyelashes?
Venus Fly Trapsmell attracts insects, trigger hairs tell plant to close to capture insects Why? The Venus Fly Trap cannot get enough nitrogen from the boggy soil where it lives. As a result, it has adapted by eating insects and small animals to get nitrogen from the protein in those organisms.
The peacock Female Male
Viceroy Butterfly“Pretends” to be the Monarch Butterfly Why? The Monarch Butterfly is poisonous. The Viceroy Butterfly will ward off predators if they think it is the Monarch.
Opossum It’s tricky! This is for defense, but is behavioral!
Poison Dart Frog This animal’s bright coloration tells others not to eat it because it is poisonous. It’s not a trick either! The Poison Dart Frog is one of Earth’s most toxic species.
Elephant Ear Plantlarge leaves so it can grow in rainforest by gathering sun
Red Crab of Christmas Island (Australia)Moves west across island at the beginning of wet season to breed
Arctic TernFlies from Greenland and the Arctic to Antarctica each year
How are these organisms adapted for survival in their environments?
Compare & Contrast Both of these organisms live in a pond ecosystem. Name the structures that help each get oxygen from the environment.
Compare & Contrast How are the function of the snail’s shell and the skunk’s musk spray similar? Different?
