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Political Theory. I. Theories on the origin of state. I. Force theory– the strongest person or group will control a country II. Evolutionary theory– government evolve naturally out of family structures III. Divine Right Theory– God chooses a royal family to rule the country
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I. Theories on the origin of state • I. Force theory– the strongest person or group will control a country • II. Evolutionary theory– government evolve naturally out of family structures • III. Divine Right Theory– God chooses a royal family to rule the country • IV. Social Contract Theory– Governments are created from people. People give up their right to everything in exchange for safety and protection of property.
1. State of Nature: In the beginning of time, men lived without rules, morals or values. Man was free to do as he wished. • 2. By nature, men are equal, diffident, and seek glory • 3. Consequently, if there are no rules and men possess the three qualities above, all men have the right to all things • 4. Life becomes ‘nasty, poor, brutish and short’
5. Men recognizing that life is awful and short, come together and form a contract. They each give up their rights to all things in exchange for safety. • 6. Theory first explained fully by Thomas Hobbes in his book “Leviathan” 1651. • 7. John Locke expands on this idea in his 1689 work “Two Treatises on Government”
8. Locke explains that governments are created to keep up safe and protect our property. • 9. The best form of government is legislative government • 10. And if government cannot keep us safe and protect our property, it is our duty to alter or abolish it and write a new contract to create a government that will work.
