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Geology 155

Geology 155. Oceanography. What is Oceanography?. Oceanography Subdisciplines. Geological. Physical. Chemical. Biological. How Do the Oceans Impact Us?. Hurricane Katrina. Indonesia Tsunami. Hurricane Katrina. Hurricane Katrina. 2004 Indonesia Tsunami.

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Geology 155

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  1. Geology 155 Oceanography

  2. What is Oceanography?

  3. OceanographySubdisciplines • Geological • Physical • Chemical • Biological

  4. How Do the Oceans Impact Us? • Hurricane Katrina • Indonesia Tsunami

  5. Hurricane Katrina

  6. Hurricane Katrina

  7. 2004 Indonesia Tsunami Click image above to view film footage

  8. Indonesia Tsunami

  9. Gaining Knowledge of the Oceans • Early Voyages • Science for Voyaging • Age of Discovery • Voyaging for Science

  10. Early Voyages

  11. Science for Voyaging • Polynesia Colonization • Vikings • Chinese • The Age of Discovery

  12. The Age of Discovery • Prince Henry the Navigator • Christopher Columbus • Ferdinand Magellan

  13. Voyaging for Science • The First Scientific Exploration • James Cook • Charles Darwin • The Challenger Expedition

  14. The Challenger Expedition • Major Contributions . . . • First pure scientific expedition • Life was possible below 549 m (1800 ft) • Discovered 4,717 new species • Collected ocean water information • Temperature, salinity, and water density • Ocean current and sediment distribution

  15. 21st Century Technology Underwater • Sonar • Submersibles Satellite • MODIS • QuikSCAT • TRMM

  16. Ocean Facts • About 70% of Earth’s surface is covered by water. • Average depth of the Pacific Ocean = 4,638 m • Average depth of the Atlantic Ocean = 3,872 m • Average temperature = 3.9°C (39.0°F) • Age of oceans = 4 billion years

  17. Hydrologic Cycle • Continuous cycle of how water moves through different reservoirs, or from ocean to air, onto land, to lakes and streams and groundwater back to the sky and ocean.

  18. Hypsographic Curve • Shows distribution of elevations and depths on Earth ( Know how to read graph)

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