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Claudio Monteverdi: Innovator of Vocal Music |

Explore the life and works of Claudio Monteverdi, a pioneering figure from 1600-1650 known for blending styles and genres in his secular and sacred compositions. Discover key madrigals and operas that showcase his mastery in both styles. Learn about the revolutionary aspects of the opera "Orfeo" and the unique characteristics of his sacred music, such as the Vespro della Beata Vergine. Engage with the intricate world of Monteverdi's music through his innovative use of dissonances and ground bass. Dive into the era of vocal music with Monteverdi as your guide.

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Claudio Monteverdi: Innovator of Vocal Music |

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  1. Chapter Eight Vocal Music, 1600-1650

  2. Claudio Monteverdi (1567-1643) • Leading figure of the era • Master of two styles(prima & seconda prattica) • Mantua : Secular works- madrigals & opera (!)- genre concitato • Venice : Sacred music- m.d.c. of St. Mark’s- also operas (public)- numerous commissions • Text, p. 208-9 (bio)

  3. “Cruda Amarilli” (Anth I/71) • Composed by Monteverdi, c. 1600 • Criticized by G. M. Artusi (1600)- L’Artusi, or the Imperfection of Modern Music • Problems w/ dissonances (unprepared/harsh) • Published in Fifth Book of Madrigals (1605)- prefatory letter from C. M.- “…the second practice…” (seconda prattica)- defense by Giulio Cesare Monteverdi (brother) • “Cruda Amarilli” : Score & Recording

  4. Concertato style Madrigals • Madrigals w/ basso continuo support • “T’amo mi vita” - Anth I/72- Monteverdi, 5th Book of Madrigals (1605)- cf. Luzasschi setting (Anth I/52) • “Zefiro torna e di soave accenti” - Anth I/73- Monteverdi, c. 1630- Ground Bass, Ostinato, Ciaccona- Alternate performance (HIP instruments) • “Lasciatemi qui solo” - Anth I/74- Francesa Caccini (1618)

  5. Opera • Sung drama (Recitative & Aria) …. • w/ acting, dancing, costumes, scenery, etc. • Origins in 16th C dramas w/ music • Madrigal Comedies • “First” opera? (pick one – text, p. 216)- Dafne (Florence,1598) – Peri & Rinuccini- Rappresentazione… (Rome, 1600) – Cavalieri- Euridice (Florence, 1600) – Peri & Rinuccini- Euridice (Florence, 1602) – Caccini & Rinuccini • Orfeo (Mantua, 1607) – Monteverdi & Striggio

  6. Monteverdi, Orfeo • Mantua, 1607 • Orpheus/Euridice myth • still in repertoire (!) • Monody (recitative), aria, chorus, instrumental, etc. • Orfeo (complete)- Act I (opening)- Act II (excerpt) – 25:45(Anth I/77)

  7. Sacred Music (early 17th C) • Prima prattica (old)- Palestrina & Zarlino- remains in use • Seconda prattica (new)- Monteverdi, et al. • Vespro della Beata Vergine (1610) • Mixed settings of sacred texts • Giovanni Gabrieli (1554-1612), organist • St. Mark’s (San Marco) • “In Ecclesiis” (1590s?) • Polychoral settings- multiple groups- physically separated • Canzon Primi Toni (1612) • Sonata pian e forte

  8. San Marco (Venice) - interior

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