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Early Demands for Equality

Explore the history of segregation in the United States, from de jure laws to de facto practices. Learn about key events like the Plessy v. Ferguson case, the Civil Rights Movement, and the Montgomery Bus Boycott. Understand the impact of the Supreme Court's ruling on desegregation and the formation of the Southern Christian Leadership Conference (SCLC).

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Early Demands for Equality

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  1. Early Demands for Equality 27,1

  2. Segregation • De jure - imposed by written law (more common in the South) - Jim Crow • De facto - imposed by practice/custom (also found in the North) • 1896 - Plessy v. Ferguson • “separate but equal” was deemed constitutional

  3. Civil Rights Movement • Developing since slavery abolished • 1940’s - CORE - Congress of Racial Equity • 1947 - Jackie Robinson - Brooklyn Dodgers • 1948 - Truman ordered end of military segregation • Unable to push desegregation legislation thru Congress

  4. Brown v. BOE Topeka • NAACP - largest civil rights organization • Thurgood Marshall - head attorney for Brown • Challenged “Separate but equal” • Warren Court - seen as an activist Supreme Court • Ruled that “separate can never equal” • Overturned Plessy v. Ferguson • Desegregation caused a revival of KKK

  5. Federal v. State Government • 1957 - Little Rock, Arkansas - opposition to enrolling African American’s into Central High • Originally Eisenhower not committed to helping end segregation, but he was committed to protecting power of federal government • Federal troops remained in AK for the school year • Civil Rights Act - 1957 - US gov’t could investigate civil rights violation

  6. Montgomery Bus Boycott • 12/1/1955 • Rosa Parks - famously refused to give up her bus seat • Bus boycott organized • MLK, Jr. became the leader of a prolonged bus boycott • MLK and civil disobedience became front page news as a result • Formation of SCLC - Southern Christian Leadership Conference

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