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18.1 Early Demands for Equality

18.1 Early Demands for Equality. Objectives. Describe efforts to end segregation in the 40’s and 50’s Explain the importance of Brown v. BOE Describe the controversy over school segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas Describe the Montgomery Bus Boycott and its impact.

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18.1 Early Demands for Equality

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  1. 18.1 Early Demands for Equality

  2. Objectives Describe efforts to end segregation in the 40’s and 50’s Explain the importance of Brown v. BOE Describe the controversy over school segregation in Little Rock, Arkansas Describe the Montgomery Bus Boycott and its impact
  3. Segregation divides America Jim Crow Laws= de jure segregation Segregation by law De facto segregation=by unwritten custom or tradition Jackie Robinson Trailer Identify an example of de jure and de facto segregation from the trailer
  4. Brown v. board of Education Thurgood Marshall: NAACP lawyer Brown v. BOE Challenged Plessy v. Ferguson Supreme Court agreed with Brown (Earl Warren) Reaction Brown II: called for desegregation “with all deliberate speed” Most southerners hated this! KKK revival
  5. Little Rock Nine 1957 Little Rock, Arkansas 9 African Americans volunteered to enroll in Central High Gov. OrvalFaubus called in the National Guard to block the school Federal Troops called in to protect students Stayed entire year! Civil Rights Act 1957: established U.S. Civil Rights Commission
  6. Montgomery bus boycott Rosa Parks Dec. 1955 Wouldn’t give up seat on the bus for a white person Sparked protest of bus system in Montgomery, AL MLK Called for protest to be nonviolent Lasted more than a year Supreme Court ruled bus segregation was unconstitutional
  7. SCLC MLK established Southern Christian Leadership Conference after boycott Advocated nonviolent resistance
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