The Evolving Role of Nursing in ACOs and Medical Homes

1. The Evolving Role of Nursing in ACOs and Medical Homes Carol A. Conroy DNPc RN CNOR Chief Nursing Officer/VP Operations VONL SUMMIT: April 19, 2013

3. The Care Span: The Significance of Transitions • Transitions: Handovers are vulnerable exchange points that contribute to unnecessarily high rates of health services use • 2009 study reported 20% of Medicare beneficiaries discharged from hospitals were re-hospitalized within 30 days; 34% within 90 days. • 13% of Medicare beneficiaries experience 3 or more provider handovers during a 30 day period • Patient “churning” accounts for $15 billion in annual Medicare spending • Transitional Care is a broad range of time-limited services designed to • ensure health care continuity • avoid preventable poor outcomes among at-risk populations • promote the safe and timely transfer of patients from one level or type of care setting to another

4. Hallmarks of Transitional Care • Focused on highly vulnerable, chronically ill patients throughout critical transitions in health and health care • Considers the time-sensitive nature of services • Emphasizes the education of patients and family care-givers • Compliments, but not the same as primary care, care coordination, discharge planning, disease management and case management

5. What Patient-Centeredness Should Mean • Power and control shifts into the hands of patients, families, and communities • Status quo: the cathedral of care is the hospital and health care professionals are the “hosts” • New order: health care professionals are guests in the patients’ lives

7. CNS Role Re-design • Re-engineered an existing resource to address the needs of patients at high-risk for failure after discharge • Shifted the focus to high risk populations across multiple care settings or the patient home

9. Key Concepts • Patient/Family control. Think of low acuity as being the home setting and high acuity being the intensive care unit. The patients lifetime of “Health” management occurs in the low acuity setting where the patient makes their health decisions. • New skills for nursing in the low acuity setting include shared decision making, patient goal setting and self-management. • The medical home provides the environment for the application of these skills • The CNS identifies and assists the patient to manage risks during complex care transitions and facilitates exquisite coordination of handovers.

12. CNS Redesign Strategies • Orientation to transitions across the continuum • Identification of high-risk patients • Focus on the patient not the disease • Use of Patient self-management tools • Use of Shared decision making • Transitions Team includes community partners • Communication with the primary care practice teams in medical homes • Formal education in partnership with UPenn

13. References American Academy of Nursing. (2012). Policy Brief 3.5.12. The Imperative for Patient, Family and Population Centered Interprofessional Approaches to Care Coordination and Transitional Care. ANA. (2012). White Paper: The Value of Nursing Care Coordination Berwick D. “What ‘Patient-Centered’ Should Mean: Confessions of an Extremist”Health Affairs, July 19, 2012 Brock J, Mitchell J, Irby K, Stevens B, Archibald T, Goroski A, Lynn J. “Association Between Quality improvement for Care Transitions in Communities and Rehospitalizations Among Medicare Beneficiaries.”JAMA, 23/30, Vol 309, No.4, 2013 Clavelle J. “Implementing Institute of Medicine Future of Nursing Recommendations: A Model for Transforming Nurse Practitioner Privileges.”JONA, Vol. 42, No.9, 2012 Goodman DC, Fisher E, Chang C,. “The Revolving Door: A Report on US Hospital Readmissions.” Robert Wood Johnson Foundation/The Dartmouth Institute; 2013 Naylor MD, Aiken LH, Kurtsman ET, et al. “The Care Span: The Importance of Transitional Care in Achieving Health Reform.”Health Affairs, 304(4): 746-754, 2011 Sherman RO. “Lessons in Innovation: Role Transition Experiences of Clinical Nurse Leaders.”JONA, Vol. 40, No. 12, 2010