QTP: Not just for GUI anymore

1. QTP: Not just for GUI anymore Prepared by: Igor Gershovich www.connectedtesting.com

2. The true beauty of QTP is that the only limitation is your imagination and ability to code in VBScript. Ian Fraser

3. Topics • Web Services • Telnet • FTP • XML

4. Advantages using APIs • Accessing non-GUI applications via API directly: • Increases test execution speed • Reduces synchronization problems related to GUI window like Telnet, DOS CMD, PuTTY, Exceed, etc. • Allows execute scripts on locked boxes • No need for QTP add-ins

5. Let’s talk about Component Object Model (COM) first COM is used by developers to create reusable software components, link components together to build applications, and take advantage of Windows services. The family of COM technologies includes: • COM+ • Distributed COM (DCOM) • ActiveX Controls.

6. COM methods and properties • COM properties and methods • Properties don’t take any arguments and can be read/write value = object.property (read) object.property = value (write) • Methods are read only if they returns value value = object.method() (returns value) Set RS = Conn.Execute(“Select * From Tbl") (returns object) Conn.Close (returns no value) tdc.Login “username", “psw" (method with parameters, returns no value)

7. VBScript CreateObject function CreateObject function creates and returns a reference to an Automation object CreateObject(servername.typename [, location]) Example connecting to Quality Center (QC): Set tdc = CreateObject ("TDApiOle80.TDConnection") tdc.InitConnectionEx sServerName 'Connect tdc.Login sUser, sPassword tdc.Connect sDomain, sProject

8. COM objects in Registry editor

9. Resources: • Microsoft “COM: Component Object Model Technologies” www.microsoft.com/com/default.mspx • “COM for ASP Programmers”By Wayne Berry http://www.15seconds.com/Issue/971214.htm

10. File Transfer Protocol (FTP)

11. Using WinInet API for FTP • Windows WinINet.DLL enables applications to interact with the following protocols: • FTP • HTTP • Gopher

12. WinInet FTP hierarchy

13. FTP: File download steps • Open an FTP session with InternetOpen function. The function returns a session handle. • Connect to the host by calling the InternetConnect function using session handle. It returns a connection handle. • Call the FtpGetFile function to get the file. • Close the handles created in Steps 1 and 2, using the InternetCloseHandle function

14. FTP: File download Script

15. FTP: File download is successful

16. ActiveX components (COM) for FTP • The are numerous ActiveX (COM) components for FTP free and not free: • by Chilkat Software www.chilkatsoft.com • by Easewe Software www.easewe.com • by X360 Software www.x360soft.com • by Dart Communications www.dart.com • etc.

17. FTP: Download file using Chilkat’s ActiveX component (COM)

18. Resources: • “FTP your scripts” by Dani Vainstein www.advancedqtp.com • “Creating an FTP Component in Visual Basic” By Jeff Niblackwww.15seconds.com

19. Telnet to Unix/Linux using COM objects

20. A little bit of history A while back I had to automate a Client/Server application and execute quite a few UNIX commands on a backend. After trying several things, like PuTTY, TE Add-in, Exceed, etc. Exceed worked decent enough, but it was a complicated solution. I had to use "Capture to File" feature and then parse the file. After working with LoadRunner WinSock protocol for Telnet interface I start looking for WinSock (ActiveX) COM interface that can be used in QTP The goal was to connect to Unix/Linux box bypassing external GUI applications and execute scripts on locked boxes. Another reason was that QTP has problems with GetVisibleText method.

21. ActiveX components (COM) for Telnet • The are numerous ActiveX (COM) components for Telnet free and not free: • by Dimac Development www.dimac.net • EasyCom 3.1 www.sharewareconnection.com/easycom.htm • by Dart Communications www.dart.com • etc.

22. Dimac w3sockets DLL methods and properties COM Object - socket.tcp Buffer : StringDoTelnetEmulation : BooleanHost : StringTelnetEmulation : StringTimeOut : IntegerClose() : GetLine() : StringGetText( len ) : StringOpen() : SendLine( Line ) : SendText( text ) : Wait() : WaitFor( Substring ) : BooleanWaitForDisconnect() :

23. Dimac W3Socket API installation • You need to download W3Socket Dll to your location and register it using SocketReg.exe included in a zip file. • Note: Readme said that you need to download winsock2 also - ignore it. • The full W3Sockets reference is located: http://www.dimac.net/Products/FreeProducts/w3Sockets/Reference/Refstart.htm

24. Example for Unix/Linux • The function on next slide: • connect to Unix/Linux box via Telnet • navigates to TestDirectory • executes “grep” command • returns “grep” results • You can also find more examples on Web: • http://www.tek-tips.com/viewthread.cfm?qid=938038&page=3 • http://www.mediamonkey.com/forum/viewtopic.php?t=21124

26. W3Sockets API limitation • This API has a problem with SendLine method when sending over 80 characters.

27. Web Services and XML

28. Web Services architecture

29. HP/Mercury Solutions for WebServices • The HP Service Test software – is a SOA testing solution that simplifies and accelerates the automated functional testing of SOA services. HP Service Test Management module plugs into Quality Center • QTP Web Services add-in

30. Windows APIs for Web Services • HP Service Test and QTP Web Services Add-in are great solutions for comprehensive Web Services testing. However, the lightweight solution using Windows APIs works perfect in most cases.

31. WinHTTP DLL • Microsoft Windows HTTP Services (WinHTTP) provides developers with a server-supported, high-level interface to the HTTP/1.1 Internet protocol. • WinHTTP WinHttpRequest COM object uses Winhttp.dll

32. WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1 Methods and Properties Methods of WinHttp • Abort: Aborts a WinHTTP Send method. • GetAllResponseHeaders: Retrieves all HTTP response headers. • GetResponseHeader: Retrieves the HTTP response headers. • Open: Opens an HTTP connection to an HTTP resource. • Send: Sends an HTTP request to an HTTP server. • SetAutoLogonPolicy: Sets the current Automatic Logon Policy. • SetClientCertificate: Selects a client certificate to send to a Secure Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTPS) server. • SetCredentials: Sets credentials to be used with an HTTP server—either an origin or a proxy server. • SetProxy: Sets proxy server information. • SetRequestHeader: Adds, changes, or deletes an HTTP request header. • SetTimeouts: Specifies, in milliseconds, the individual time-out components of a send/receive operation. • WaitForResponse: Specifies the wait time, in seconds, for an asynchronous Send method to complete, with optional time-out value. Properties of WinHttp • Option: Sets or retrieves a WinHTTP option value. • ResponseBody: Retrieves the response entity body as an array of unsigned bytes. • ResponseStream: Retrieves the response entity body as an IStream. • ResponseText: Retrieves the response entity body as a string. • Status: Retrieves the HTTP status code from the last response. • StatusText: Retrieves HTTP status text.

33. ChangeMetricWeightUnit Web Service on-linehttp://www.webservicex.net/convertMetricWeight.asmx

34. ChangeMetricWeightUnit Web Service WSDL

35. Using Http.WinHttpRequest.5.1 for WebServices

36. WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1 snippet ' WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1 Object Set oWinHttpReq = CreateObject("WinHttp.WinHttpRequest.5.1") oWinHttpReq.Open "POST", sWebService_Url, False oWinHttpReq.setRequestHeader "Content-Type", sContentType oWinHttpReq.setRequestHeader "SOAPAction", sSOAPAction 'Send SOAP request oWinHttpReq.Send sSOAP_Request 'Get XML Response sXMLResponse = oWinHttpReq.ResponseText

37. SOAP XML Response

38. Off topic: Using WinHTTP for Web pages

39. HTML Response

40. Msxml2.DOMDocument • A DOM for XML is an object model that exposes the contents of an XML document • We use the XML DOM by creating an instance of an XML parser • CreateObject(“Msxml2.DOMDocument ”) is the method to create an instance of the Parser object • Msxml2.DOMDocument COM object uses Msxml.dll

41. XML Request file

42. Using Msxml2.DOMDocument to load XML file

43. Msxml2.DOMDocument Code Snippet 'lMsxml2.DOMDocument Set oInputXmlDoc = CreateObject("Msxml2.DOMDocument") 'loadXML from file oInputXmlDoc.load("C:\XML_Files_Demo\Weight_Conversion.xml") … … 'Send SOAP request oWinHttpReq.Send oInputXmlDoc

44. QTP XML Objects • XMLUtil Object • XMLAttribute Object • XMLAttributesColl Object • XMLData Object • XMLElement Object • XMLElementsColl Object • XMLFile Object • XMLItemColl Object

45. Example: Compare XML files using QTP objects

46. Comparison results

47. Resources: • MSDN http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa384109.aspx • Stefan Thelenius about Software Testing http://abouttesting.blogspot.com • QuickTest Professional Help file

48. Igor Gershovich • E-Mail: igershovich@connectedtesting.com • Phone: 720-933-9395 • www.connectedtesting.com