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Exploring Pre-Columbian Societies: The Moche and Tiwanaku Civilizations of Peru

This study examines the Moche and Tiwanaku civilizations of ancient Peru, highlighting their religious and militaristic societies from 100 BCE to 1200 CE. The Moche are noted for their advanced agricultural practices and artistic achievements, evident in structures like the Huaca del Sol and Huaca de la Luna. In contrast, Tiwanaku excelled in weaving, pottery, and masonry near Lake Titicaca and included significant monuments such as the Gateway of the Sun. Both cultures faced environmental challenges leading to their decline, impacting their sociopolitical structures and cultural legacies.

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Exploring Pre-Columbian Societies: The Moche and Tiwanaku Civilizations of Peru

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  1. Latin American Studies 9/13/10 Pre-Colombian Societies:A Peruvian Case Study

  2. Moche • 100 BCE-700 CE • Religious and militaristic society • Agriculturedevelopment of hydraulic works • Exceptionally skilled artists • “the Decapitator

  3. Huaca del Sol and Huaca de la luna • Huaca del Sol • Huaca de la luna

  4. Moche Ceramic Works

  5. Nazca • Contemporaries of the Moche civilization • Most famous for geoglyphs • Textiles

  6. Nazca Lines

  7. Nazca Lines

  8. Tiwanaku • 250 BCE – 1200 CE • Near Lake Titicaca in Peru • Excelled in weaving, pottery, bone carving, and masonry • Slave labor

  9. Tiwanaku • Gateway of the Sun • Temple Kalasaya

  10. End of the Tiwanaku • Environmental causes • Reduced rainfall after 950 CE • City of Tiwanaku abandoned by 1200

  11. Wari • Contemporaries of the Tiwanaku • Near present-day Ayacucho, Peru • Capital: Wari • Pikillacta

  12. Wari • Though to have begun as colony of Tiwanaku and later asserted independence • Ties to Pachacama—pilgrimage site • Quipus • Decline after year 850

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