Endemic Broodstock Development Tucannon and Touchet Rivers Program Review

1. Endemic Broodstock Development Tucannon and Touchet RiversProgram Review Joe Bumgarner Washington Department of Fish and Wildlife

2. Background • ESA listings of steelhead (Snake, Mid-Columbia) • Bi-Op concluded that LFH stock steelhead constituted “jeopardy” to wild populations • Bi-Op recommended new broodstock(s) be developed • Tucannon and Touchet - Target Populations • Local, easy access, existing facilities • 5-Year feasibility (12th year)

3. WDFW Management Intent Concept: Replacement of LFH stock in each river IF programs were successful Tucannon (depressed, declining) #1 : Conservation #2 : Harvest Mitigation Touchet(depressed, stable) #1 : Harvest Mitigation

4. “Test Phase”Production Goals **Fish were not Externally Marked = Conservation + LFH Stock Production

5. Management Objectives(Short Term) • Establish endemic broodstocks • Return adults and achieve SAR’s (= to LSRCP goals) • Remove the potentially depressing effect of a long-term out-of-basin hatchery stock on ESA listed populations • Program is compliant with ESA and WDFW Policies to protect and recover wild stocks

6. Evaluation Focus • Performance in Hatchery • Adult Returns to Each River • Increase our understanding of the status and trends of natural origin steelhead in each river • Smolt-to-Adult Survivals • Life History and Genetics • Broodstock Collection

7. Tucannon and Touchet River SteelheadPre-Program Stock Status

8. Lower Tucannon RiverTemporary Adult Trap

9. Adult Trap Issues Fish able to easily pass both trapping sites under high spring time flow conditions

10. Previous Hatchery Influence? • LFH Stock steelhead released in both Tucannon and Touchet Basins for 20 years • Spatial and Temporal overlap in spawning • Possible Genetic Introgression Is This Worth the Effort??

11. Genetic Data 99LyonsFerry (Chord-distance tree) 04Touchet 05Touchet 03Touchet 02Touchet 05LyonsFerry 01Touchet 00Touchet 02LyonsFerry 66.0 98.5 99Touchet 04LyonsFerry 05Tucannon 00Tucannon 98/99Lyons Ferry 04Tucannon 03Tucannon 02Tucannon 01Tucannon 98/99 Tucannon 0.002

12. 5-Year Assessment • Fish Were Available for Broodstock • Distinct Stocks (similar) • Adult Traps Inadequate for Evaluations • Transition to PIT Tags for Adult Return Evaluation • Issues at Hatchery (Spawning and Rearing) • Unripe/not enough Males, Multiple Eggtakes • Poor Feeding, Size Goals not achieved, High CV’s, etc….

13. 12 Years Later Where Are We Today? Tucannon: Implemented (2010) Interim Goal: 75K – 100% conservation Long Term Goal: 150K 50K - conservation 100K - harvest mitigation Touchet: No Decision

14. Remaining Presentation • Hatchery Produtuction • Natural Stock Monitoring • Adult Return Comparisons (wild-hatchery) • Program Summary

15. Endemic Stock Steelhead Program Trap and Release Locations Traps/Rearing Release Location Lyons Ferry Hatchery Lyons Ferry Idaho LGR LGO LMN Tucannon River Tucannon FH Dayton Touchet River ICH Columbia River Walla Walla River Washington Oregon

16. Adult Traps Dayton Trap Tucannon FH Trap

17. Release Strategies Lyons Ferry Hatchery Tucannon Touchet 8 Week Acclimation Tucannon FH

18. Tucannon and Touchet Steelhead Broodstock History

19. Tucannon Stock (2009-2012)Run Timing and Broodstock Collection Cumulative

20. Touchet Stock (2000-2012)Run Timing and Broodstock Collection Cumulative

21. Broodstock Disposition Spawned Pre-Spawn Mortality Not Used Returned to River Tucannon Touchet

22. Egg to Release Survival Tucannon Touchet

23. Disease/Pathology Tucannon Touchet

24. Marking and Tagging • No Fin Clips • CWT and/or VIE (Generally 100% of Release) • PIT Tagged (2003+) N Purpose Tucannon 5,000-15,000 Adult Returns/Straying Touchet 5,000-10,000 Adult Returns/Straying

25. Tucannon Endemic Stock Releases

26. Touchet Endemic Stock Releases

27. Smolt Release Size Release Size Goal = 4.5 Fish/Lb

28. Natural Stock Monitoring

29. Tucannon River PIT Tagging

30. Smolt Traps and PIT Arrays Smolt Traps PIT Arrays Idaho LGR LGO LMN Tucannon River Touchet River ICH Columbia River Walla Walla River Oregon

31. Natural Origin SteelheadTotal Age Composition 1% Repeat Spawners 5% Repeat Spawners

32. Endemic and Natural Stock Adult Returns Tucannon River

33. Tucannon and Lyons Ferry StockRun Timing at Ice Harbor Dam Date

34. Tucannon and Lyons Ferry StockRun Timing into Tucannon River

35. Tucannon River Releases – Survival by StockPIT Tag Detections to Ice Harbor (SAR)

36. Tucannon River Straying

37. Tucannon River Basin Escapement50% of PIT Tags Past Ice Harbor

38. Tucannon River - Net Gain 6.1 R/S 319 1,950 Removed from River for Broodstock (2000-2009) Back to Tucannnon River to Spawn

39. Tucannon River Basin Escapement50% of PIT Tags Past Ice Harbor FMEP Fishery Guideline = 285 Minimum Abundance Threshold

40. Tucannon Population Streams Penewawa Almota Lyons Ferry Idaho Alkali Flat Deadman LGR LGO Clearwater River LMN Tucannon River Touchet River Asotin Cr. ICH Columbia River Walla Walla River Washington Oregon

41. What is the Tucannon Population? FMEP Fishery Guideline = 285 Minimum Abundance Threshold

42. We’ve seen Tucannon River steelhead straying “OUT” What about other steelhead populations straying “IN”?

43. PIT Steelhead Detected in Tucannon RiverSpring Entries Only (Feb-May) Columbia River Tribs Walla Walla John Day Deschutes 15 Mile Cr Umatilla Other Lyons Ferry Stock Tucannon River Releases (LFH + Endemic) Tucannon River Origin Hatchery Origin Wild Origin

44. Endemic and Natural Stock Adult Returns Touchet River

45. Touchet and Lyons Ferry StockRun Timing at McNary Dam Date

46. Touchet River Releases – Survival by StockPIT Tag Detections to McNary (SAR)

47. Touchet River Strays

48. Touchet River Summer SteelheadSpawning Ground Survey Index Area

49. Touchet River - Net Gain 2.3 R/S 299 679 Removed from River for Broodstock (2000-2008) Back to Touchet River to Spawn

50. Touchet River Summer SteelheadRecruits/Spawner – Index Area Only Geometric mean = 0.9