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Chapter 12: Renaissance. Europe. Black Plague. Political Instability. Decline of Church. Recovery. Italian Renaissance. How?. Rebirth. People could do as they please. This created what is known as the Renaissance man. A man that has more than one profession. Leonardo da Vinci.
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Europe Black Plague Political Instability Decline of Church Recovery Italian Renaissance
Rebirth • People could do as they please. • This created what is known as the Renaissance man. • A man that has more than one profession.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a artist.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a sculptor.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a inventor.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a scientist.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a engineer.
Leonardo da Vinci • He was a architect.
Humanism • The study of the classics. • Literary work from Greece and Rome. • These became known as the humanities.
Grab a worksheet and start working on it. You have 5 minutes to finish Only the side on Humanism.
Milan • Northern Italy • Controlled by family (dukes of Milan) • Francesco Sforza • Took control of the city and became duke. • Sforza was a leader of a group of mercenaries. • Soldiers who sold their services to the highest bidder. • Milan was known for their efficient tax system.
Venice • Known for trading, trading, and trading. • Merchant/traders gained a lot of power during this time. • Venice’s trade empire made it an international power.
Florence • A small wealthy group of merchants took control of the government. • Soon after, Cosimo de’ Medici took control • From then on the Medici family would go on to control of Florence. • Florence was the culture capital of Italy.
“Everyone realizes how praiseworthy it is for a prince to honor his word and to be straight-forward rather than crafty in his dealings, nonetheless experience shows that princes who have achieved great things have been those who have given their word lightly, who have known how to trick men with their cunning, and who, in the end have overcome those abiding by the honest principles….” • Niccolo Machiavelli, The Prince, 1513
Power hungry • Niccolò Machiavelli • Wrote The Prince • A guide on how to acquire and keep political power. • He focus on understanding human nature, and he believed they were self- centered. • “One can make this generalization about men: they are ungrateful, fickle, liars, and deceivers, they shun danger and are greedy for profit.”
Vernacular Literature • Prior texts were written in Latin. • Vernacular literature is when people began to write in the language spoken in their own regions.
Church • Church evolved from 500 to 1500 C.E. • What is the source of the Church? • The Bible • The Church- tradition • Printing Press- 1050 • 1450 Gutenberg printed the first bible. • People trusted the church’s word.
Bibleswere written in Latin. • Martin Luther translated the Bible to German. • It was then translated to English. • Eventually, for the first time in history, the masses were reading the bible. • There was a difference between what the Church said and what the Bible said. • Church said: you must do good works. • Bible said: have faith and you will be saved.
Indulgences — When a person commits a sin, he or she can expect eternal punishment. The church was “selling” indulgences; in other words, they were allowing people to buy forgiveness of their sins.
Decline in prestige (influence) — There was a decline in power and influence of some of the ruling-class people in authority. The church depended upon these people to collect taxes for them and to enforce the church orders. This was not happening.
The Pope — Pope Alexander from Spain gave his Spanish relatives anything they asked for. He helped his illegitimate son attempt to become ruler of the land.
The Edic of Worms • A meeting in 1521. • Pope Leo X charged Martin with heresy and was excommunicated. • He was suppose to recant. • He did not. • “Open season” was declared of Protestants.
