North Florida FSDO

1. North Florida FSDO Instructor Professionalism CFI Special Emphasis Program Training Accident Statistics Risk Management Teaching Judgment Designated Pilot Examiners Dennis H. Whitley, FAASTeam January 31, 2013

2. Professional A professional is a person who is paid to undertake a specialized set of tasks and to complete them for a fee. The traditional professions were doctors, engineers, lawyers, architects and commissioned military officers. Today, the term is applied to nurses, accountants, educators, scientists, technology experts, social workers, artists,

3. Professional A professional is a person who is paid to undertake a specialized set of tasks and to complete them for a fee. The traditional professions were doctors, engineers, lawyers, architects and commissioned military officers. Today, the term is applied to nurses, accountants, educators, scientists, technology experts, social workers, artists, And - Flight Instructors !!!

4. Professional A professional is a person who is paid to undertake a specialized set of tasks and to complete them for a fee. The traditional professions were doctors, engineers, lawyers, architects and commissioned military officers. Today, the term is applied to nurses, accountants, educators, scientists, technology experts, social workers, artists, And - Designated Pilot Examiners   

5. Attitude Indicators

6. Attitude Indicators

7. Attitude Indicators

8. Attitude Indicators

9. Attitude Indicators Professional Not So Pro

10. Types of Flight Instructors KXXX Backyard / Restaurant Instruction KXYZ Good Old Boy Flying Ranch KTPF Flight Inc. 141/142 Pro Flight Corp.

11. Types of Flight Environments Wimauma C-140 VFR Weekends KTPF-KLAL C-172 VFR Week days KVDF-KPDK KA-200 LO or HI Airways KTPA-KATL B737 RNP DP

12. Flight InstructorSpecial Emphasis Program The North Florida FSDOs have oversight responsibility for the largest volume of flight training and pilot certification activity within the purview of the Federal Aviation Administration

13. Florida FSDO Borders Alabama FSDO SO09 North Florida FSDO SO15 & SO35 South Florida FSDO SO19

14. Tampa – 33617 - 25NM Radius= 8081 Pilots North Florida FSDO SO35

15. Tampa – 33617 - 25NM Radius= 1684 Inst. North Florida FSDO SO35

16. How many pilot certificates were issued in the North Florida Area last year? ?

17. How many pilot certificates were issued in the North Florida Area last year? 16,700

18. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM In response to a high number of aircraft accidents and incidents involving flight training aircraft, the Orlando and Tampa FSDO along with the FAA Safety Program Managers initiated the first Flight Instructor Special Emphasis Program on September 1, 1998. This program has evolved into one of the most important activities conducted by the FAA Safety Team or FAASTeam in the North Florida FSDO area of responsibility. This has become a model for similar CFI programs across the country.

19. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Designed to provide more direct and focusedFAA involvement with the Flight Training Community. • Accomplished in a positive, educationallyoriented manner.

20. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Program Goals • Improve the quality of flight training within the flight schools • Increase awareness among flight instructors of their instructional responsibilities • Reduce the number of flight training accidents and incidents

21. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Core Elements of Program • Initial Flight Instructor Certification • Flight Training Accident & Incident Investigations • Bi-weekly CFI/DPE Special Emphasis Meetings • Pilot Examiner Oversight • Part 141 Pilot School Oversight

22. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Requirements for renewal of Certificate. 8 Modules consisting of FAA specific Certified Core Topics Each module 3 hours in duration 24 months to complete modules

23. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Requirements for renewal of Certificate. Registered on FAASafety.gov and initialed attendance sheet Your attendance record signed by Facilitator Test sheet signed by Facilitator

24. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Module #7 Wednesday-Jun 30th 2010 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 13 - Effective Teaching Core Topic 14 – Industry training Standards Module #8 Wednesday-Sep. 29th 2010 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 15 - Runway Incursions Module #1 Wednesday-Dec. 29th 2010 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 1 - The FAA Safety Team Core Topic 2 - Pilot Proficiency Wings Program Module #2 Wednesday-Mar 30th 2011 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 3 - Technically Advanced Aircraft Core Topic 4 - GPS Navigation

25. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM Module #3 Wednesday-Jun. 29th 2011 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 5 - IACRA Core Topic 6 – Sport Pilot Module #4 Wednesday-Sep. 28th 2011 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 7 - TSA Core Topic 8 – Security related Special Use Airspace Module #5 Wednesday-Dec. 28th 2011 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 9 - Safety trends in GA Core Topic 10 - Risk Management Module #6 Wednesday-Mar. 28th 2012 Tampa FSDO 6:30 PM Core Topic 11 - Takeoff / Ldg / Low Altitude maneuvering Core Topic 12 – Aircraft Operational Limitations

26. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM FAA Safety Team (FAASTeam) Support • “CFI / DPE Special Emphasis Program” Meetings • Web Site: FAASafety.gov • LAL FAA Safety Center Presentations • Web Site: http://www.faa.gov/fsdo/orl • FAASTeam CFI Workshop National Program • Web Site: http://www.faa.gov/tv

27. FLIGHT INSTRUCTOR SPECIAL EMPHASIS PROGRAM The Program has demonstrated that a PARTNERSHIP between the FAA and the Flight Training Community can ACHIEVEREMARKABLE RESULTS

28. Accident & Incident Analysis The Orlando and Tampa FSDO has carefully analyzed 386 flight training accidents & incidents occurring within the district since the beginning of FY 1999 to determine: • Causal Factors • Trends • Training Deficiencies

29. ORLANDO FSDO ACCIDENT & INCIDENT SUMMARY FLIGHT TRAINING ACCIDENTS & INCIDENTS 1998199920002001200220032004 60 38 24 28 22 18 12 2005200620072008200920102011 18 25 30 44 24 32 33 2012 17

30. FY 2007 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCESTUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 GO AROUND (single eng.) 1 HELO HOVER 3 HELO SLOPE LND 1 HELO AUTOROTATION 1 1 WAKE TURBULENCE 1 FUEL EXHAUSTION 1 HARD LANDING (180 accu. lnd.) 1 GEAR-UP 3 LANDING (loss of control) 214

31. FY 2008 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 3 TAKEOFF 3 HARD LANDING 2 GEAR-UP 6 GEAR DOWN WATER LANDING 1 HELO HARD LANDING 1 HELO AUTOROTATION 1 HELO GROUND VIBRATION 1 UNLATCHED CANOPY / DOOR 1 1 SR-20 BRAKE FIRE 1 WATER IN FUEL 1 LANDING (loss of control) 219

32. FY 2009 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 1 HARD LANDING 3 GEAR-UP 6 HELO (dynamic rollover) 1 HELO (hard landing) 1 FUEL EXHAUSTION 1 STALL / SPIN 1 TAKEOFF (loss of control) 1 GLIDER (off airport landing) 1 LANDING (loss of control) 25

33. FY 2010 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 HELO (hard landing) 3 FUEL MISMANAGEMENT 1 1 GEAR-UP 4 TAKEOFF (loss of control) 1 LANDING (loss of control) 615

34. FY 2011 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 STALL / SPIN 2 FUEL EXHAUSTION 1 HELICOPTER AUTOROTATION 1 HELICOPTER GRASS FIRE 1 GEAR-UP 4 LANDING (loss of control) 320

35. FY 2012 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT COLLISION ON GND 1 1 HELICOPTER HARD LANDING 2 HELICOPTER DYNAM. ROLL. 1 GEAR-UP 21 ENGINE FIRE 1 HARD LANDING 2 ABORTED TAKEOFF 2 LANDING (loss of control) 04

36. Major Contributor to 2012 Event Reduction Less Student Pilot Loss of Control During Landing Events YearTotal EventsStudent L.O.C.Ratio 2007 30 14 47 % 2008 44 19 43 % 2009 24 5 21 % 2010 32 15 47 % 2011 33 20 61 % 2012 17 4 24 %

37. Other Major Contributors to ORL – TPA Flight Training Accidents & Incidents Student & CFI hard landings, gear-ups, & loss of control YearTotal EventsLanding EventsRatio 2007 30 20 67 % 2008 44 30 68 % 2009 24 16 67 % 2010 32 25 78 % 2011 33 27 82 % 2012 17 9 52 % 2013 4 4 100 %

38. FY 2013 ACCIDENT & INCIDENT DETAILED SUMMARY OCCURRENCE STUDENT & CFISOLO STUDENT GEAR-UP 1 HARD LANDING 1* * during practical test LANDING (loss of control) 02

39. Orlando - Tampa FSDO Efforts Orlando and Tampa FSDO Inspectors, Pilot Examiners, and Pilot Schools have worked diligently to achieve a reduction in the number of landing accidents and incidents occurring during flight training within the District.

40. Examiner Responsibilities Examiner Special Emphasis Initiatives • Place increased emphasis upon landings and go- arounds during practical tests at all certificate levels. • Place significant emphasis upon proper instructional techniques and demonstration of landings and go-arounds during flight instructor practical tests. • Develop scenario based questions applicable to flight instructor responsibilities associated with supervising student solo flights. • Test flight instructor “student error” intervention.

41. Pilot School Responsibilities Pilot School Special Emphasis Initiatives • Pre-solo stage checks by senior instructors • Additional supervised solo operations • Enhanced dual cross-country training • Supervised solo at cross-country destinations

42. Flight Instructor /StudentSolo Responsibilities If a student cannot perform the “Solo Checklist ” functions without guidance or assistance from the flight instructor, then the student is not ready to solo

43. Examiner Responsibility If an applicant cannot perform the functions of the “Solo Checklist ” during a practical test, then the applicant fails the test. All 10 items on the “Solo Checklist” are supported by the applicable PTS and Airplane Flying Handbook

44. Opportunities for Improvement Examiner Special Emphasis Initiatives Place increased emphasis upon landings and gear operation during practical tests at all certificate levels. Place significant emphasis upon proper instructional techniques and demonstration of landings and gear operations during flight instructor practical tests. Develop scenario based questions applicable to landing gear system malfunctions. Test flight instructor “student error” intervention associated with landings and landing gear operations.

45. Flight Instructor / Student SOLO Responsibilities In order to solo, a student must be able to: • Make competent go / no-go decisions for every flight • Determine the location of all other traffic while in the pattern • Establish and maintain a stabilized approach • Determine wind direction and make proper control inputs • Manage energy so landings occur at the touchdown point • Land with and maintain proper pitch attitude • Keep the longitudinal axis parallel to and over the centerline • Keep the centerline between the main wheels during landing • Correctly respond to any abnormality or emergency • Communicate properly & effectively with other traffic or ATC

46. Additional Examiner Responsibilities Identify Training Deficiencies Observe applicant’s seat position Eye Level Position of Feet on Rudders Observe touchdown control movements Proper Aileron Input for Crosswind Elevator “Follow-through” Automobile Driving “Negative Transfer”

47. Identify Training Deficiencies “The eye can’t see what the mind does not know” De-brief all Applicantsand theirRecommendingFlight InstructorsregardingTraining Deficiencies

48. Other Major Contributors to ORL – TPA FSDO Flight Training Accidents & Incidents Discussion focused on Student Loss of Control during Landing Rollout Add to discussion Student Solo or CFI with Student HARD LANDINGS GEAR-UPS

49. Opportunities for Improvement Group Discussion Recommendations MorePINK

50. Opportunities for Improvement More Notices of Disapproval