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Flux investigations for intensive dairy farming, Hamilton Basin, NZ

Flux investigations for intensive dairy farming, Hamilton Basin, NZ. Dave Campbell, Louis Schipper, Paul Mudge & Tehani Kuske Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Waikato. Context: Changes in TC and TN within NZ pasture soils.

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Flux investigations for intensive dairy farming, Hamilton Basin, NZ

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  1. Flux investigations for intensive dairy farming, Hamilton Basin, NZ Dave Campbell, Louis Schipper, Paul Mudge & Tehani Kuske Earth and Ocean Sciences University of Waikato

  2. Context: Changes in TC and TN within NZ pasture soils • Soils collected from previously sampled sites (17-30 yrs ago) had been archived and were reanalysed for TC and TN Sites sampled to date

  3. Change in Total C and Total N—initial 31 sites Top 1 m of soil profile: Total C loss was about 1 t ha-1 yr-1 Total N loss was about 90 kg ha-1 yr-1 Schipper L.A., Baisden W.T, Parfitt R., Ross C., Claydon J. (2007) Large losses of soil C and N from soil profiles in New Zealand during the past 20 years. Global Change Biology, 13: 1138-1144

  4. Ongoing sampling • Need more data to confirm landuse/land-form findings • Resampling of previously sampled profiles • What, where, when? • Hill country around Palmerston North • South Island – Pallic and Semi arid soils • Dairy and drystock • Tussock (native grasslands)

  5. Research needs • Quantitative measurements of carbon exchange in relation to different farming practices—applications for EC • e.g. To what extent do the following practices decrease soil C? • pasture renewal • pugging/poaching • irrigation • fertiliser • feed crop production • etc…

  6. Torehape peat mine 2005–06 Opuatia wetland 2003–05 Rukuhia (dairy) 2002–03 Moanatuatua wetland 1999–2000 Previous work Scott Farm (dairy) 2007– Landcare Research

  7. Moanatuatua peatland

  8. Opuatia peatland

  9. Carbon budget for dairy farming on peat soils 2002-3 C budget Nieveen et al. 2005, GCB 11: 607–618

  10. Torehape cutover peatland

  11. Scott Farm site • Dairy industry research farm (Dairy NZ) • Focus on increased production vs environmental costs • Soils: mod. well drained silt loam • Landuse: dairy cow grazing + cut & carry harvesting • Research capability (from Dec. 2007): • Open path EC (CSAT3 + LI7500 + CR3000) • Soil CO2flux chamber (LI8100)

  12. Hukseflux NR01 REBS Q7

  13. Scott Farm immediate research objectives • Annual CO2–C budget under typical NZ dairy grazing management • 3-4 cows/ha (rel. high land pressure) • Models of annual water use • Case studies of farm management practices: effects on CO2 fluxes • Cultivation/pasture renewal • Overgrazing/pugging (winter) • Long-term: • Simple models of farm soil carbon stocks & changes

  14. Scott Farm: Initial results

  15. Scott Farm: Initial results Midday CO2 fluxes

  16. Thanks…… • DairyNZ and Scott Research Farm staff

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