English 11 Midterm Review

1. English 11 Midterm Review Christiana High SchoolJanuary 2012

2. Directions for the Review • Take notes on the terms and the definitions as we go through these slides. • In some cases, you will be asked to find a pattern and develop a definition from that. • In all cases, you will be asked to determine the literary term for this pattern/definition. • Be sure to jot down at least one (preferably more) examples of the literary term.

3. What’s the definition? The term? EXAMPLES FOR #1:“…cooling western breeze…whispers through the trees” “Tyger, tyger burning brightin the forest of the night …” “’Shoot if you will this old gray head, But spare your nation’s flag,’ she said.”

4. 1. RHYMING COUPLET DEFINITION:Poem in which two lines rhyme with each other back to back … EXAMPLES: from “Canterbury Tales” (which is written in almost all rhyming couplets)“While you and he are struggling, as in game, Then draw your dagger too and do the same…” from “The Pardoner’s Tale” “ ‘Take all my goods, but leave my body free!’ ‘A curse on us,’ she said, ‘if I agree!’” from “The Wife of Bath’s Tale”

5. What’s the definition? The term? EXAMPLES FOR #2 : • The water witch waited for winter. • “While I nodded, nearly napping …”from “The Raven” • “Five miles meadering with a mazy motion …”from “Kubla Khan”

6. 2. ALLITERATION DEFINITION: Repetition of the same sounds (consonant sounds) at the beginning of words. Example: “on scrolls of silver snowy sentences”

7. What the definition? The term? EXAMPLES FOR #3 • I’m so hungry, I could eat a horse. • I was so embarrassed, I thought I would die. • It took a million years of standing in line to get lunch today. • She was so happy to get the acceptance notice from Cornell, she was floating on cloud nine.

8. 3. HYPERBOLE DEFINITION: figure of speech in which exaggeration is used for emphasis. Example: I could sleep for a million years

9. What’s the definition? The term? EXAMPLES FOR #4 Example 1: The Lord’s Candle in the Sky Example 2: The mighty ring-giver Example 3: Over the waves-tumult

10. 4. KENNING DEFINITION:Figurative language, usually a compound expression used in place of a name or noun, especially in Old English and Old Norse poetry. EXAMPLE: Astorm of swords

11. What’s the definition? The term? • HELP WITH THE DEFINITION FOR #5: A literary work in which … • Examples:In “A Modest Proposal” Jonathan Swift has a “solution” to the problem of the Irish people starving. His idea? They should eat their children. He describes the ideal age of the child, etc. (NOTE: He is being ironic.) • In Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales, he describes a friar who gives presents to pretty girls, and a monk who hunts and owns fine horses—not things you would expect of people who pledge to a life of poverty serving God. (NOTE: He uses irony.)

12. 5. SATIRE • A literary work in which human vice or folly is attacked through irony, derision, or wit. Example: Chaucer’s portrayal of the religious figures in “The Canterbury Tales”The nun Chaucer describes wears a beautiful gold pin—not appropriate jewelry for a life of poverty.

13. What’s the literary term? DEFINITION FOR #6:The qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women. Example: The Knight in the Prologue, and it is expected of Gawain.

14. 6. CHIVALRY DEFINITION:The qualities idealized by knighthood, such as bravery, courtesy, honor, and gallantry toward women. Example: The Knight in the Prologue, and it is expected of Gawain.

15. What’s the literary term? DEFINITION FOR #7A literary genre of romance or chivalry popular in early modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about the marvelous adventures of a chivalrous, heroic knights, often of super-human ability, who show great respect to women and the underprivileged. The knights often go on a quest.

16. 7. MEDIEVAL ROMANCE DEFINITION A literary genre of romance or chivalry popular in early modern Europe. They were fantastic stories about the marvelous adventures of a chivalrous, heroic knights, often of super-human ability, who show great respect to women and the underprivileged. The knights often go on a quest. Example: “Sir Gawain and the Green Knight”

17. What’s the Literary Term? DEFINITION FOR #8:A story WITHIN a story Examples (in both a Prologue comes first, followed by a tale being told): • Chaucer’s Tales from his Canterbury Tales, and • “Federigo’s Falcon” from The Decameronby Boccacio

18. 8. FRAME STORY DEFINITIONA story WITHIN a story Examples (in both a Prologue comes first, followed by a tale being told): • Chaucer’s Tales from his Canterbury Tales, and • “Federigo’s Falcon” from The Decameronby Boccacio

19. What’s the Literary Term? DEFINITION FOR #9 A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that describes one thing is used to describe another, making a comparison. Examples: “…a sea of troubles" "All the world's a stage”She runs so fast, she is the wind.

20. 9. METAPHOR DEFINITION: A figure of speech in which a word or phrase that describes one thing is used to describe another, making a comparison. Examples: “…a sea of troubles" "All the world's a stage”She runs so fast, she is the wind.

21. Literary Term? DEFINITION FOR #10:A lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation Example: “BEOWULF”!!!!!!

22. 10. EPIC POEM DEFINITION:A lengthy narrative poem, ordinarily concerning a serious subject containing details of heroic deeds and events significant to a culture or nation Example: “BEOWULF”!!!!!!

23. Literary Term? DEFINITION FOR #11The lesson or principle contained in or taught by a fable, a story, or an event. Example: “The Pardoner’s Tale”: The love of money is the root of all evil.

24. 11. MORAL DEFINITION:The lesson or principle contained in or taught by a fable, a story, or an event. Example: “The Pardoner’s Tale”: The love of money is the root of all evil.

25. What is the Literary term? EXAMPLES FOR #12: • “Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep.” • My little sister is as sweet as sugar. • The new guy on the job was as strong as a bull and as clumsy too!

26. 12. SIMILE DEFINITION: A figure of speech in which two essentially unlike things are compared, often in a phrase introduced by like or as. Examples: • “Life is like an onion: You peel it off one layer at a time, and sometimes you weep.” • My little sister is as sweet as sugar. • The new guy on the job was as strong as a bull and as clumsy too!

27. What’s the Literary Term? DEFINITION FOR #13A figure of speech in which inanimate objects or ideas are endowed with human qualities or are represented as having human form. Examples: Death is a “thief” in “The Pardoner’s Tale,” so death is given a human quality. In The Wizard of Oz, trees have faces, talk and throw apples.

28. 13. PERSONIFICATION DEFINITION:A figure of speech in which inanimate objects or ideas are endowed with human qualities or are represented as having human form. Examples: Death is a “thief” in “The Pardoner’s Tale,” so death is given a human quality. In The Wizard of Oz, trees have faces, talk and throw apples.

29. What’s the definition and the term? EXAMPLES FOR #14 • The fly was buzzing around the room. • Splash! She fell into the pool, prom dress and all. • Tick, tock, tick, tock – he stared at the clock waiting for the end of the lecture. • We heard the first of the fireworks—POW—and with that, she, her brother, and their dog ran and hid under the bench.

30. 14. ONOMATOPOEIA DEFINTION:The formation or use of words such as buzz or murmur that imitate the sounds associated with the objects or actions they refer to. EXAMPLES: • The fly was buzzing around the room. • Splash! She fell into the pool, prom dress and all.