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Building Electric Motors: Principles, Parts, and Operation Explained

This comprehensive guide delves into the fascinating world of electric motors, exploring how to build one from scratch. Learn about essential components, including the electromagnet, armature, commutator, and brushes, and how they work together to create rotational motion. Understand the principles of magnetism and electricity, and discover how the interaction of forces leads to effective motor operation. Additionally, watch helpful animations and video tutorials to visualize these concepts in action. Start your journey into electric motor construction today!

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Building Electric Motors: Principles, Parts, and Operation Explained

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  1. Electric Motors

  2. How to build an Electric Motor • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=it_Z7NdKgmY

  3. Electric Motor Commutators • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Ue6S8L4On-Y • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Xi7o8cMPI0E

  4. The magnitude of the force on the conductor depends on the magnitude of the current which it carries. The force is a maximum when the current flows perpendicular to the field (as shown in diagram A on the left below), and it is zero when it flows parallel to the field (as in diagram B, on the right):

  5. Left-hand rule

  6. The directional relationship of I in the conductor, the external magnetic field and the force the conductor experiences I B F

  7. Electric Motor • An electromagnet is the basis of an electric motor • An electric motor is all about magnets and magnetism: A motor uses magnets to create motion. • Opposites attract and likes repel. Inside an electric motor, these attracting and repelling forces create rotational motion. • A motor is consist of two magnets.

  8. Electric Motor Animation • http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=d_aTC0iKO68&safety_mode=true&persist_safety_mode=1&safe=active

  9. Parts of the Motor • Armature or rotor • Commutator • Brushes • Axle • Field magnet • DC power supply of some sort

  10. Commutator and Brushes • Commutator is simply a pair of plates attached to the axle. These plates provide the two connections for the coil of the electromagnet. • Commutator and brushes work together to let current flow to the electromagnet, and also to flip the direction that the electrons are flowing at just the right moment.

  11. 0o Position

  12. What happens at 90o

  13. 90o Position

  14. Motion of a current-carrying loop in a magnetic field Rotation F I R N L S F brushes Commutator (rotates with coil)

  15. Answers

  16. Answers Continued

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