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Collimator and beamline heating

This review presents a comprehensive study on collimator and beamline heating at the LHC's IR7 region, utilizing FLUKA simulation for a 100m section. It covers energy deposition from collimator crosstalk, collimator geometry, layout, materials, and more. Results from impact cases on different collimators are analyzed, including energy deposition rates and power distribution. The study assesses the impact of hybrid collimators, loss scenarios, and structural effects on energy absorption. The results highlight the importance of collimators in intercepting energy and provide insights into hadron-nucleon and hadron-nucleus interactions at various energy levels.

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Collimator and beamline heating

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  1. Collimator and beamline heating External Review of the LHC Collimation Project Vasilis.Vlachoudis@cern.ch CERN Wed 30/6/2004

  2. FLUKA Simulation of a 100m section of the IR7 region (betatron cleaning) Normal operation0.2 hours beam life time 4×1011 p/s for 10 s Energy deposition from cross talk of collimators IR7 Layout Description

  3. x z y IR7 Geometry MBW.C6L6 MBW.A6L6 MBW.D6L6 MBW.B6L6 TCSH.016.B1 TCS.016.B1 Beam 2 Beam 1 TCPS2 TCPV TCS.001.B1 TCPS TCSH.002.B1 TCSH.001.B1 TCPH TCS.002.B1 Top View Cross Section

  4. 10 Inox (5mm) Water (8mm) 5 y x Graphite (2.5cm) Hybrid with Copper × × z 0 Vacuum (5s,10s) Copper (4mm) p/4 -5 -10 TCPS -10 -5 0 5 10 cm 0.672rad 2.424rad Collimator Geometry Primary Collimators TCPV Beam 2 Beam 1 3p/4 Cross Section TCPS2 TCPH Length 20 cm Secondary Collimators 0.008rad TCS.016.B2 TCS.001.B1 TCS.002.B1 Length 120 cm

  5. Beam 2 Beam 1 Other items • Beam Tube • Material: Copper • Inner radius: 4.2 cm • Outer radius: 4.4 cm • Inside MBW • Rin: 2.2 cm • Rout: 2.4 cm • Dogleg Bends • Modules: 4 • MBW.A6L7 • MBW.B6L7 • MBW.C6L7 • MBW.D6L7 • Dimensions: 1.00 x 0.7 x 3.4 m3 • Apperture: 52mm • Magnetic Field: 1.287 T • Kick angle: 0.38 mrad TCSH.016.B1 TCS.016.B1 MBW.C6L6 MBW.D6L6 MBW.B6L6 MBW.A6L6 TCS.001 TCS.002 TCPS2 TCPS TCPV TCPH Top View

  6. Cases Studied • Proton beam: • Momentum 7 TeV/c • Impact parameter: 200 nm • Pencil-beam on Primaries 1cm before the end(misaligned ~25 mrad) • Pencil-beam on Secondaries at the front face(perfectly aligned) • 1st phase system (no hybrid collimators) • Results are weighted with the loss maps provided by R.Assmann assuming multiple traversals of the beam. • 3 cases: Impact at TCPV, TCPH, TCPS • 2nd phase system (with hybrid collimators) • Results are given for 0.2 hours beam life time:Loss rate = 4×1011 p/s for 10 s

  7. Loss Maps TCP 1 q= p/2 Div.x = 0 mrad Div.y = 17 mrad Aperture = 1.22 mm TCP 2 q= 0 Div.x = -22.44 mrad Div.y = 0 mrad Aperture = 1.63 mm TCP 3 q= 3p/2 Div.x = -15.79 mrad Div.y = 12.39 mrad Aperture =1.44 mm

  8. TCPV - Energy deposition W/cm3 MBW.C6L6 MBW.A6L6 MBW.D6L6 MBW.B6L6 TCSH.016.B1 TCS.016.B1 TCPS2 TCPV TCS.001.B1 TCPS TCSH.002.B1 TCSH.001.B1 TCPH TCS.002.B1 Average energy deposition per 4×1011p/s on tunnel and beam elements for -1 < Y < 1m * Not weighted with the loss map

  9. Dogleg Bending Magnets (MBW) Front Face Beam 2 Beam 1 Max. Energy deposition for MBW.B6L7 16 W/cm3/4×1011p/s * Not weighted with the loss map

  10. Graphite Copper Water Inox Inox Phase #1: Case TCP1 (TCPV) TCS.001.B1 TCS.002.B1 W/cm3/4 1011p Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Maximum Energy deposition per 4×1011p/s (0.2 hours beam life time) on secondary collimators

  11. Graphite Copper Water Inox Inox Phase #1: Case TCP2 (TCPH) TCS.001.B1 TCS.002.B1 W/cm3/4 1011p Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Maximum Energy deposition per 4×1011p/s (0.2 hours beam life time) on secondary collimators

  12. Graphite Copper Water Inox Inox Phase #1: Case TCP3 (TCPS) TCS.001.B1 TCS.002.B1 W/cm3/4 1011p Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Graphite Copper-T Water Inox Maximum Energy deposition per 4×1011p/s (0.2 hours beam life time) on secondary collimators

  13. Phase #1: Beam tube * Not weighted with the loss map

  14. Phase #1: Power Deposition

  15. Primary Collimators TCPV: 10 W TCPH: 290 W TCPS: 700 W TCPS2: 1.7 kW Secondary Collimators TCS.001.B1 12 kW TCS.002.B1 27 kW TCS.003.B1 245 W Motors < 200 W Phase #1: Power Distribution • Total power intercepted 233 kW (52%) +TunnelRemaining 48% energy escapes downstream130 kW (30%) on beam elements • MBW • Iron: 21 kW, 9.5 kW • Copper 6 kW, 1.5 kW • Beam Tubes • Beam1: 34 kW • Beam2: 2.4 kW * TCP1 Loss scenario

  16. Graphite Copper Water Inox Inox Phase #2: With Hybrid TCS.001.B1 TCSH.001.B1 W/cm3/4 1011p Copper Maximum Energy deposition per 4×1011p/s (0.2 hours beam life time) on secondary collimators * Not weighted with the loss map

  17. Graphite Copper Water Inox Inox Phase #2: With Hybrid (cont) TCS.002.B1 TCSH.002.B1 W/cm3/4 1011p Copper Maximum Energy deposition per 4×1011p/s (0.2 hours beam life time) on secondary collimators * Not weighted with the loss map

  18. Phase #2: Beam tube * Not weighted with the loss map

  19. Total power intercepted 363 kW (81%) +TunnelRemaining 19% energy escapes downstream247 kW (55%) on beam elements Beam Tubes Beam1: 14 kW Beam2: 1.8 kW Phase #2: Power Deposition * Not weighted with the loss map

  20. Results • Collimators intercept the largest fraction of the energy • For hadron-nucleon interaction at these energies one expect a Pt=350 MeV/c • For hadron-nucleus interaction we havePt=400-500 MeV/c thus Pt/P=100 mrad (4 mm at 40m) • Structural elements (i.e. MBW, flanges...) around the beam tube do not affect much the development of the shower • Phase #1 (no hybrid) • Results are weighted with the loss map • TCS.002.B1 ~30 kW • No significant difference between the various cases • Energy deposition on beam pipe peaks ~30 W/cm • Phase #2 (with hybrid) • TCSH.001.B1 130 kW! • Pending: Loss map weighting

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