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Sexually Transmitted Diseases (Infections). Most common of the bacterial infections It is curable Many times you have it and do not know it Laboratory tests: sample of pus from vagina or penis (use a swab) or urine test. What happens: Clear Genital discharge Burning with urination
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Most common of the bacterial infections It is curable Many times you have it and do not know it Laboratory tests: sample of pus from vagina or penis (use a swab) or urine test What happens: Clear Genital discharge Burning with urination If untreated in women, may lead to PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) This causes ectopic pregnancy and infertility Chlamydia
Gonorrhea • This is a curable STD (so it is bacterial) • It can infect the genital tract, the mouth, the rectum, the uterus, the cervix, fallopian tubes. • 75% of all reported cases of gonorrhea is found in 15-19 age range • It is spread during sexual intercourse (oral, anal, vaginal)
Gonorrhea.. • Common symptoms are: discharge from the vagina or penis, painful urination • Often there will be no signs or symptoms! • Women have more serious complications… • PID (pelvic inflammatory disease) • Ectopic pregnancy • Infertility
Treatment for gonorrhea • Typically penicillin is used… or something like it • However, in the last decade, four types of antibiotic resistant gonorrhea have been found! So new antibiotics or a combination of drugs are used to treat.
Diagnosis of Gonorrhea • Urine samples • A smear of the discharge from penis or vagina • Swab smear of cervix
Syphilis • Caused by a bacteria- so it is curable in the first and second stage with antibiotics • Transmitted through sexual contact • It travels from the initial ulcer (sore) of an infected person to the skin or mucous membranes (linings) of the genital area, mouth, or anus of another person. • It can also be passed through broken skin on other parts of the body
Symptoms of Syphilis • Primary Syphilis (stage one): an ulcer called a chancre, it is painless and may occur inside the body- can occur on cervix, tongue, lips or other body parts • Secondary Syphilis (stage two): skin rash, with brown sores, this appears after the chancre sore, mild fever, fatigue, headaches…
Syphilis continued… • Tertiary Syphilis (stage three)- bacteria damages the heart, eyes, brain, nervous system, bones, joints, and almost any other parts of the body • Could result in mental illness, blindness, heart disease, and death
Syphilis… • Diagnosis: visual signs or symptoms, blood samples, swap of the area
What causes genital herpes? • Genital herpes is spread by having vaginal, anal, or oral sex with someone who has the herpes simplex virus (HSV). There are two types of HSV… • Type 2- (HSV-2)- it is the main cause of genital herpes • Type 1 (HSV- 1)- the main cause of oral herpes lesions (fever blisters or cold sores)
More on herpes… • Most cases of genital herpes are caused by HSV-2 which is transmitted primarily during vaginal, or anal sex • In recent years… HSV-1 has been causing more and more genital herpes cases! • This is mainly through oral sex with a partner who has a sore on the mouth or lips
Who is more likely to get genital herpes? • Anyone who has vaginal, oral or anal sex with an infected partner! • But women get it more often than men.
What happens with herpes one and two • Both produce sores (called lesions) in and around the vaginal area, penis, anal opening, buttocks or thighs. • The sores usually begin as a rash of red bumps, then the bumps lead to blisters • Both remain in body for LIFE! And can produce symptoms on and off
Herpes continued • 1 out of 5 of the total adolescent and adult population are infected with HSV-2 • Young teen stats are on the rise! • Most have no symptoms at all • Laboratory tests and blood tests are ways to diagnose
More about herpes… • You can infect someone when you have active sores or not!! • If there are no sores present.. You could still be contagious because of asymptomatic viral shedding… that means the virus is present on the skin!
Primary herpes- male
Genital Warts • Cause: human papillomavirus (HPV) • Usually appear as hard painless bumps in the vaginal area, on the penis, or around the anus • If untreated, they can keep growing • This virus can lead to cervical cancer in women
Genital Warts… • IN the USA- genital warts is considered to be the most common STD! • Often genital wart infections do not have visible signs and symptoms • These are highly contagious and are spread during oral, genital, or anal sex with an infected partner • Spread through skin to skin contact
More on genital warts • Diagnosis: visual warts on genital, a Pap smear test • If you get genital warts, you will have the virus for LIFE! • Treatment is available to make the visible warts to disappear, but that is it.
