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Basic Website Development Overview

Understand the fundamentals of markup languages, see why HTML is essential, and learn about website development tools. Discover webserver options, HTTP basics, and professional tips for creating and hosting websites.

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Basic Website Development Overview

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  1. Website Basics Ray PankoITM 385 E-CommerceFall 2013

  2. Markup now is the time for all good good people to come to the aid of their country The quick fox jumped over the dog

  3. Markup Languages <Heading 1>Call to Action</Heading 1> <p>Now is the time for <i>all</i> good people to come to the aid of their country.</p> Tags <p> and </p> <Heading 1> and </Heading 1> <i> and </i>

  4. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) Link <p>To see how, click <a href=“Explanation.html” >here</a></p> <p><image src=/images/flower.jpg></p> Placeholder Tag for Graphic

  5. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) • .htm or .html file is text only • Contains formatting and layout tags (boldface, columns, etc.) • Tags can be placeholders for images, videos, etc. • All nontext material is contained in separate files that are downloaded individually

  6. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) • Example • Webpage with three graphics and a sound • One HTML file, which is downloaded first • Three graphics files and one sound files • Five files downloaded in all

  7. Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) • Browser renders multiple files as a complete page

  8. Hypertext • In traditional text, pages were organized serially • Indexes, references, tables of contents, etc. were non-serial, but jumps to pages were manual.

  9. Hypertext • Hypertext pages contain links to jump to other pages • In the same website • In other websites Website A Website B

  10. Hypertext • Conceived of by Dr. Vannevar Bush after World War II • Named hypertext by Ted Nelsen in the early 1960s • First computer hypertext system built by Dr. Doug Engelbart in 1964 at Stanford Research Institute • HTML and HTTP standards created by Tim Berners-Lee at CERN around 1991

  11. Website • Collection of linked webpages • Under the control of a single administrator Website A Website B

  12. Website Development Tools • Professional website development programs • Dreamweaver • Limited tools • Cookie-cutter tools • Variations in cookie cutterness • Associated Tools • Graphics, multimedia • Content management systems • …

  13. Basic Website Development • Create website on development PC • Upload to website server to host the website for public access

  14. Webserver Options Webhosting service Owned by a webhosting service (GoDaddy.com, etc.) Operated by a hosting service Good choice for SMEs (small and medium enterprise) Organizationally owned • Owned by your organization • Operated by your organization • May be good option for a large organization

  15. Server Farms • Companies likeAmazon.com have thousands of identical rack-mounted webservers • An individual webpage request is forwarded automagically to an individual server for response • This solution “scales”—can grow without exponentially increasing costs

  16. Group Development • When a dev checks out a webpage, it is locked so that others may not change it Checkout

  17. Professional Development

  18. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Hypertext Markup Language (HTML) • Standard for format of marked-up files • Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Standard for downloading files from webservers

  19. Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) • Standard for downloading files from webservers • HTML files • Photographs • Videos • … • Download HTML file first so that the browser knows what file to get and where to put the representations on the page

  20. HTTP Request/Response Cycle • Browser sends HTTP request message to the server • Asks for a specific file • Webserver sends HTTP response message back • Contains the requested file • Or contains an error message • One HTTP request/response cycle for each file downloaded

  21. HTTP Request/Response Cycle • One HTTP request/response cycle for each file downloaded • Example: Webpage contains two graphic images • Need three HTTP request/response cycles • One to download the initial HTML file • Two more to download the individual graphic images

  22. HTTP Request Message • Lines of text with carriage return/line feeds at the end • GET /images/cutedog.jpg HTTP 1.1[CRLF] • Host: dogs.com[CRLF]

  23. Recap • HTML • Hypertext Markup Language • Format for the main file of a webpage • Text-only • Contains tags for formatting, layout, and anchors for information referred to in links • Contains links to other webpages • Each file in a webpage requires an HTTP request/response cycle

  24. Website Development • Use development software such as Adobe Dreamweaver • Create website with many webpages on your own computer • Upload your webpages to a webserver to provide public access

  25. Professional Development • Webserver Options • Webserver owned by the enterprise (UH) • Hosted servers like those at webhosting services (GoDaddy.com) • Multiple devs can work on a website simultaneously • Use a testing server to test every change before uploading it to the production site

  26. Dreamweaver • Professional website development tool • Fully functional, deeply discounted version available at the UH Bookstore • Buying it alone is cheapest • In a package with Photoshop and other adobe tools, more expensive but a great deal • Available at the bookstore, but ask for the non-boxed version (far cheaper) • Version 6.0 is mandatory in the class

  27. Pau • Questions? • Comments? • Cries of outrage?

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