1 / 35

Matter

Matter. Matter occupies space and has mass. Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition. USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Mass is different from weight. mass is the measure of the quantity of matter in an object weight is the force that gravity exerts on an object.

roxy
Download Presentation

Matter

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Matter

  2. Matter occupies space and has mass Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  3. Mass is different from weight • mass is the measure of the quantity of matter in an object • weight is the force that gravity exerts on an object • astronaut’s mass • = 50 kg • astronaut’s weightearth • = 50 kg * 9.8 m/s2 Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  4. On the moon, astronauts feel weightless • weightmoon = 1/6 weightearth http://grin.hq.nasa.gov/IMAGES/SMALL/GPN-2002-000146.jpg

  5. Classification of matter

  6. There are different ways to classify matter • based on physical state (solid, liquid, gas) • based on composition (substance, mixture) Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  7. Classification of matterbased on physical state(solid, liquid, gas)

  8. Properties of a solid • retains its own shape and volume • virtually incompressible • does not flow ? Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  9. Properties of a liquid • assumes the shape of the container • does not expand to fill container • virtually incompressible • flows readily Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  10. Properties of a gas • assumes both the volume and shape of the container • compressible • flows readily Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  11. Matter can change from one physical state to another Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  12. * Energy is the capacity to do work or to produce change. It may take different forms, and heat is one of them. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  13. Classification of matterbased on composition(substance, mixture) Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  14. A substance has definite or fixed composition which does not vary from one sample to another gold water Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  15. Substances are further classified into two: elements and compounds Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  16. Elements are composed entirely of one type of atom Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  17. Compounds are made up of two or more different kinds of atoms that are combined in fixed ratios Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  18. Note: There is a difference between a compound and a molecule • compound • made up of two or more different kinds of atoms joined together Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  19. Note: There is a difference between a compound and a molecule • molecule • made up of two or more atoms joined together • the atoms may be the same or different Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  20. Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  21. A mixture has a composition that may vary from one sample to another silver and gold silver and gold in water Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  22. Mixtures are further classified into two: homogeneous and heterogeneous Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  23. Homogeneous mixture has the same composition and properties throughout the solution Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  24. Heterogeneous mixturevaries in composition and/or properties from one part of the mixture to another Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  25. Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  26. Brown, , E. LeMay, and B. Bursten. 2000. Chemistry: The Central Science. Phils: Pearson Education Asia Pte. Ltd.

  27. Properties of matter

  28. The properties of matter can be given in two ways • extensive or intensive property • physical or chemical property

  29. Properties of matter(extensive or intensive property)

  30. Extensive property depends on the amount of matter being considered • values of the same extensive property may be added together Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc. www.swapmeetdave.com/Humor/Cats/CatOnScale.jpg

  31. Intensive property does not depend on the amount of matter being considered • values of the same intensive property may not be added together • extensive / extensive = intensive Hill, J. and Petrucci, R. 1996. General Chemistry Instructor’s Edition.USA: Prentice-Hall, Inc.

  32. For next week meeting • Bring your scientific calculator

  33. Properties of matter(physical or chemical property)

  34. Physical propertycan be measuredwithout altering the composition or identity of a substance • physical change: only alters the physical make-up of a substance Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

  35. Chemical property cannot be measured without converting the substance into some other substance • chemical change: changes the chemical make-up of a substance Chang, R. 2002. Chemistry 7th ed. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.

More Related