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Using Building Controls to Optimize Energy Performance

Using Building Controls to Optimize Energy Performance. Dan Bielski, P.E. July 12, 2011. Overview. Critical elements of a successful program Energy audit observations Real-time facility energy monitoring Design criteria/system integrator tool kit Systems integration and architecture

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Using Building Controls to Optimize Energy Performance

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  1. Using Building Controls to Optimize Energy Performance Dan Bielski, P.E. July 12, 2011

  2. Overview • Critical elements of a successful program • Energy audit observations • Real-time facility energy monitoring • Design criteria/system integrator tool kit • Systems integration and architecture • Relevant project example • Real-time commissioning bottom line

  3. Critical Elements of a Successful Program • Mission • Stakeholder’s day-to-day operations • The energy plan must support the base’s mission • Energy • Central plant systems, HVAC, lighting, energy usage, demand response, cost, etc. • Control systems • System components, interactions, sequence of operations, maintenance, energy monitoring and control system, etc. • Information technology (IT) • System requirements, cybersecurity/information assurance, C&A requirements, DIACAP, hosting, network traffic, etc. • Systems integration • Ensuring multiple systems work together Energy team must thoroughly understand HVAC = heating, ventilating, and air conditioning C&A = certification and accreditation DIACAP = defense information assurance certification and accreditation process

  4. Energy Audit Observations Not all clients keeping up with facility maintenance Manpower shortfalls, turnover Funding levels not consistent with industry standards EMCS often a mix of different vendor systems EMCS not always used to optimize energy performance Scheduling, setpoints, setbacks are common findings in energy audits Energy managers often lack the tools to: Identify today’s problems Analyze trends and identify investment opportunities Tough to justify investments at locations with low utility rates Sustainment risk Findings illustrate that systems are no longer working as designed EMCS = energy monitoring and control system

  5. Energy Management Possibilities • Continuously monitor energy vital signs • Similar to a hospital intensive care unit • Produce diagnostics from existing infrastructure • Produce and monitor performance metrics • Identify “drift” in building systems • Analyze trends to support investments • Asset management principle/fact-based decisions • Known/accurate data

  6. Design Criteria • Open architecture • Multivendor-capable • Secure • Expandable • Future-proof • Reliable data and high system up-time • Make use of existing infrastructure and systems • Intranet- or browser-based user interface • Access to database by external third-party vendors

  7. System Integrator Toolkit Technique: functional layer building block approach • Utility meters, DDC, controllers and I/O • Energy monitoring and control system (EMCS), supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA), and data collectors • Communications (multiple protocols) • Database/historian • Servers and application software • User HMI/visualization (standard Web browser) • Web-based software tools • Integration with other systems DDC = direct digital control I/O = input/output HMI = human-machine interface

  8. Users Access applications over HTTP (internet or intranet) Web Applications Visualization Intranet Applications Trends, reports, analytics, data export Enterprise Historical Data Storage Data accessible to applications using open standard interfaces (third-party single-point access) HTTPS / FTP / Web Services Database Intranet Systems - Real-time data and control EMCS; SCADA; Data Collector Facility Data Sources Meters Raw data controllers and I/O PLCs DDC HTTP = hypertext transfer protocol, HTTPS = hypertext transfer protocol secure, FTP = file transfer protocol; EMCS = energy monitoring and control system, SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition, DDC = direct digital control, PLC = programmable logic controller, I/O = input/output

  9. True Server Class Computers PC under desk is NOT a server Proper server installation

  10. Real-Time Commissioning and Sustainment Program Multiple Industrial Sites Throughout North America • SAIC completed over $50 million of energy conservation projects at 38 facilities • HVAC energy savings of over $20 million per year with a simple payback in less than 2.5 years • Projects included Web-based EMCS, interactive air balance models, calendar-based scheduling software for managing EMCS systems and sustainment reporting software • Worked closely with client in developing and deploying real-time commissioning system • SAIC now performs ongoing real-time commissioning services at 30 plants HVAC = heating, ventilating, and air conditioning EMCS = energy monitoring and control system

  11. Communication Architecture Diagram Outbound Data Only (Push) to Third-Party Supplier Security requirements from IT department (nine-month effort) IT = information technology, PLC = programmable logic controller, SFTP = secure file transfer protocol, TCP = transmission control protocol , IP = internet protocol, PC = personal computer, FTP = file transfer protocol, DMZ = demilitarized zone, HTTPS = hypertext transfer protocol secure

  12. Real-Time Commissioning as a Service • Features and services • Raw EMCS, SCADA and AMI data is transferred via secure protocol from client sites to SAIC data center in Oakridge, Tenn. • Hourly metric data and 1-minute raw data available to users via standard Web browser • Diagnostics processed from historical data • Client immediately notified of critical issues • Weekly sustainment and optimization reports • Sustainment cases, costs and savings documented and tracked • Yearly site assessments are conducted • Documentation library organized and maintained at each site • Technical Assistance Center (TAC) help desk • Controls and software engineers and energy subject matter experts EMCS = energy monitoring and control system SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition AMI = advanced metering infrastructure

  13. Getting Value Out of the EMCS , SCADA and Metering Data Database EMCS = energy monitoring and control system SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition

  14. Getting Value Out of Metering Data Web-Based Tools – Trend of Kilowatt Demand • Uniquely configure each trend chart • Save trend chart configurations • Easily add points/pens and change devices • Overlay different trend charts • Selectable zoom area • Capture point-in-time data values • Quickly remove unwanted points/pens • Export data to Excel® Excel is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the U.S. and/or other countries.

  15. Getting Value Out of EMCS Data Web-Based Tools – Shutdown Tool Graph EMCS = energy monitoring and control system SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition

  16. Getting Value Out of EMCS/SCADA/Metering Data Performance Metrics EMCS = energy monitoring and control system SCADA = supervisory control and data acquisition

  17. Real-Time Commissioning and Sustainment Program Infrastructure Installation Site Study / Energy Baseline Savings Execution & Maintenance Review / Report / Assist Program for 30 plants across North America • Review & Analyze: • Infrastructure • Operations • Maintenance • Design: • Installation Plan • Program Structure • Hardware: • Data Acquisition • IT Infrastructure • Software: • Energy Database • Dashboard / Reports • Deploy & Train • Energy Surveys • Update Air Balance • Data Mining • Estimate Savings • Efficiency Reporting • Identify Energy Savings Projects • Facility Operational Corrections • Maintenance / Upgrades • Energy Savings Project Execution • Metric Development • Tech. Assistance • Project Library • Program Training • Savings Verification • Sustainment Progress Reporting Development Operation Program Justification & Design Continuous Review (Sustainment)

  18. Real-Time Commissioning: Bottom Line • Real-time commissioning works • Highly cost-effective system • Energy data and performance metrics available to those who need it • Complements facility maintenance program • Avoids system “drift” in real time • Collected data used for trend analysis • Supports capital investment decisions • Cybersecurity is a critical element

  19. When It Comes to Budget, Do Not Confuse “Wants” With “Needs” • Involve IT early (they are a stakeholder) • Determine data requirements • Many reporting output features are never used • Integrate existing infrastructure and systems instead of replacing them • Meters do not need to be burdened with data collection or I/Orequirements (keep it simple) IT = Information technology I/O = input/output

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