Describe the behaviour of the C-MOS inverter. Extimate the threshold voltage

1. Explain the differences in the internalstructure of an SRAM and a DRAM. Why SRAM are suitableas cache and DRAM asmainmemory? • Make a comparisonbetween PAL, CPLD and FGPA devices. Illustrate howitispossible to implement a login function inside an FPGA device. • Whatis the metastabilityproblem? Illustrate twopossiblesolution to syncronize the devicesthatoperates in twodifferent clock domain. How can youclassifietwoasyncronouscircuits? • Explainwhy serial buses are replacingparallel bus. What are the mayordifferecesbetween PCI and PCI-express buses. Whatis the 8b/10 encoding? Whyitisused? • Draw a scheme of a MIPS microarchitecturefor both single cycle and pipelinedimplementation • Explain the differencebetween an architecture and a microarchitecture. Make an example of an architecture. Considering the MIPS architecture, explain in which way the lwinstructionisexectured on a single cyclemicroarchitecture. • Make a comparisonbetween I2C and SPI buses.

2. Describe the behaviour of the C-MOS inverter. Extimate the thresholdvoltage • Illustrate in which way itispossible to implement a 42 bit multiplierusingonly 25x18 bit embeddedmultiplier • Describe the write and readoperaion on a flash device. • Describe a way to allowmulitiple master to be connected on a shared bus • Whatis the aim of a signalintegritysimulation. • Describehow to use the i2c bus to access to an internalregister of a audio codecdevice

3. Whatisit the crosstalk and explainhow to reduce itseffects • Explain the differencebetween a lumped and distributed model for a trasmission line. • Explain in which way itispossible to separate the capacitive and inductivecrosstalkcontributions • Explainwhyat high frequency the returnpath for the currentdoesn’t flow through the less resistive pathbut under the trasmission line. • Whatisit the kneefrequency and explainwhichisitsphisicalmeaning. • Explainwhat do youmean by near end cross-talk and far end cross-talk.