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Magnitude and trends of noncommunicable diseases

Magnitude and trends of noncommunicable diseases. Distribution of deaths by leading cause groups (males and females, world, 2004). NCDs cause premature deaths in LMICS. Projected deaths by cause and income (2004 to 2030) WHO. Intentional injuries. Other unintentional.

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Magnitude and trends of noncommunicable diseases

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  1. Magnitude and trends of noncommunicable diseases

  2. Distribution of deaths by leading cause groups (males and females, world, 2004)

  3. NCDs cause premature deaths in LMICS

  4. Projected deaths by cause and income (2004 to 2030) WHO Intentional injuries Other unintentional Road traffic accidents Other NCD Cancers CVD Mat//peri/nutritional Other infectious HIV, TB, malaria

  5. Noncommunicable DiseasesBurden of disease in disability adjusted life years (2004) Launched October 2008

  6. Noncommunicable DiseasesGlobal burden of disease attributable top 20 risk factors (2002) Underweight Unsafesex High blood pressure Tobacco Alcohol World Health Report, 2002) Unsafe water, S&H High cholesterol Indoor smoke from solid fuels IIron deficiency High BMI Zinc deficiency Low and middle income Low fruit and vegetables High income Vitamin A deficiency Physical inactivity Occupational injury risks Lead exposure Illicit drugs Unsafe health care injections Lack of contraception Childhood sexual abuse 0% 1% 2% 3% 4% 5% 6% 7% 8% 9% 10% Attributable DALYs (% total 1.44 billion)

  7. Noncommunicable DiseasesTobacco is a risk factor for 6 of the 8 leading causes of death (World Health Statistics, 2008)

  8. Tobacco Rising production and consumption in developing countries

  9. Tobacco: The poor and uneducated are the ones who smoke the most Smoking prevalence in Bangladesh (1995) Source: Sen, B & Hulme D, 2004

  10. Overweight and obesity in people over 15 selected countries

  11. The epidemiological transition in this region is already well advanced; all countries are at risk irrespective of income and socioeconomic development

  12. Adult mortality (2004)

  13. Prevalence of tobacco use among males in the Eastern-Mediterranean Region Launched February 2008

  14. Noncommunicable DiseasesAdult Overweight and Obesity in Arab Countries

  15. Noncommunicable DiseasesOverweight among school children (13-15 yrs old)*

  16. Noncommunicable DiseasesAge-adjusted estimates of diabetes prevalence in theEastern-Mediterranean Region (Source: Comparative DM prevalence, table 1.12 and 1.13 of Diabetes Atlas) Adults (20-79)

  17. SOCIOECONOMIC ASPECTS

  18. Impact of increasing medical costs and the need for prevention • Total Health Expenditure per capita ranges between US$ 325 to 2750 • Out of pocket spending ranges between 18-23% THE • Advanced epidemiological and demographic transitions are expected to result in a several fold increase in health care spending in Gulf Cooperation Countries in the coming 2 decades • Prevention has to be taken seriously Sources: WHO WHR 2008,- WHO NHA database, WHO-EMRO, Mapping health care financing, EMR countries

  19. Catastrophic Expenditures • Studies in some Arab countries show that 2-4.5 % of the population face catastrophic expenditures – meaning spending 40 % or more from their disposable income (excluding food), when a member of the family becomes sick • 5.5 - 13 millions individuals may face such situation every year • 1-1.4 % of the households are pushed into poverty when a member of the family becomes ill, resulting into 2.5 to 4 millions of poor individuals for the whole region (Source: B. Sabri – WHO/EMRO)

  20. Proportion of family income devoted to diabetes care Source: Ramachandran A Diabetes Care 2007

  21. In Conclusion: Barrier to Development • CVDs and other NCDs Will Further Widen the Health Gap between Rich and Poor Countries • They Are Killing and Disabling People at Their Peak Productivity • They Will Slow Economic Growth Rates in Poor Countries

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