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The Matrix Inverted: A Primer in the Theory of GLMs

The Matrix Inverted: A Primer in the Theory of GLMs. CAS Annual Meeting New Orleans November 9-12, 2003. Gilbert Korthals, FCAS, MAAA, Assistant Vice President, Actuary GuideOne Insurance, 515.267.5277, gkorthals@guideone.com. Encounters Along the GLM Path. Preparing for the trip

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The Matrix Inverted: A Primer in the Theory of GLMs

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  1. The Matrix Inverted: A Primer in the Theory of GLMs CAS Annual Meeting New Orleans November 9-12, 2003 Gilbert Korthals, FCAS, MAAA, Assistant Vice President, Actuary GuideOne Insurance, 515.267.5277, gkorthals@guideone.com

  2. Encounters Along the GLM Path • Preparing for the trip • Modeling curves • Implementation speed bumps

  3. Choosing the Vehicle & Features • Software • Hardware • Driver

  4. Packing the Van • Data collection • Coding • Exposures • Other situations

  5. Data Collection • Amount of data: • Minimum 50k to 100k earned exposures • Different sources • Matching records • External data • Sources? Cost? Usability?

  6. Coding • Definitions • Thoroughly know your codes • Check for reasonableness • Mapping • Codes change over time • Territory #’s, BI limits • Integrity • How good are the codes? • Still being updated? • Driver/vehicle assignments

  7. Exposures • Balance # of variables and exposures • Try to have 50+% of field populated • Re-map smaller exposures • CW vs state specific analysis? • Low frequency exposures

  8. Other Data Situations • Treatment of CWP’s • Can model handle severity = 0? • Records with negative amounts • Can model handle? • Excess vehicles • What driver chars. do you assign? • Orphan claims • Software

  9. On the Highway - Modeling • Counterintuitive results • Factor categorization • Business decisions

  10. Counterintuitive Results • Interpretation issue • Example - limits & deductibles • Near aliasing • Look at each year to see if pattern consistent • Look at other coverages

  11. Factor Categorization • Categorization • Creating a new variable from two or more other variables – sex and marital status • Myriad of choices & combinations • Need sufficient exposures and claims • Goal is not to find as many combinations as possible • Goal is to find ones too powerful to ignore

  12. Decision Time Considerations • When to change current rates/relativities • How far to change current rates • What new variables to include • Removal of variables impacts interaction among remaining variables • Competition & comparing to existing rates

  13. Competition • Who to look to? • How similar is their rating system to yours? • How similar is their book of business to yours?

  14. Comparing to Competition & Existing Rates • Re-rating book of business • Retention analysis • Leaving money on the table • Know your marketing opportunities • Finalize rating plan • Understand impact of tempering or excluding variables

  15. Managing Market Disruption • No easy answer • To convert or not to convert • Conversion choices • Look at matching price points (assuming you have the data and allowed by regulators) • Allow swings (with or without capping) • Remember credit scoring

  16. Dealing with Other Audiences • Senior management • Underwriting • Systems • Regulators

  17. End of the Road? • Not a once in a lifetime vacation • Fear of breakdowns, detours, squabbling kids and unknown

  18. Questions?

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