1 / 13

4-5 Small Solar System Objects

The Solar System- Course 3. 4-5 Small Solar System Objects. Vocabulary. Asteroid belt-The region of the solar system between the orbits of Mars and Jupiter, where many asteroids are found. Kuiper belt- A region where many small objects orbit the sun and that

rocio
Download Presentation

4-5 Small Solar System Objects

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. The Solar System- Course 3 4-5 Small Solar System Objects

  2. Vocabulary • Asteroid belt-The region of the • solar system between the orbits • of Mars and Jupiter, where many • asteroids are found. • Kuiper belt- A region where many • small objects orbit the sun and that • stretches from beyond the orbit of • Neptune to about 100 times Earth’s • distance from the sun. • Oort cloud- A spherical region of • comets that surrounds the solar • system. • Comet- A loose collection of ice • and dust that orbits the sun, • typically in a long, narrow orbit.

  3. Coma- The fuzzy outer layer of • a comet • Nucleus-The solid inner core of • a comet. • Asteroid- One of the rocky objects • revolving around the sun that are • too small and numerous to be • considered planets. • Meteor- A streak of light in the sky • produced by the burning of a • meteoroid in Earth’s atmosphere. • Meteorite- A meteoroid that passes • through the atmosphere and hits • Earth’s surface.

  4. My Planet Diary pg. 162 • Posted by: Haley • Location: Constantia, New York • During the summer my dad and I go outside when it gets dark. We like to go stargazing. I have even seen shooting stars! Shooting stars are very hard to spot. You have to stare at the sky and sometimes you will see one shoot by. They only stick around for one split second, but it is really amazing to see one. This is my favorite thing to do when it gets dark during the summer!

  5. How Do Scientists Classify Small Objects in the Solar System? Pg. 163 • The solar system contains many small objects that, like the planets, orbit the sun. • Scientists classify these objects based on their sizes, shapes, compositions, and orbits. The major categories include dwarf planets, comets, asteroids, and meteoroids.

  6. Areas of the Solar System pg. 163 • Most small solar system objects are found in three areas: the asteroid belt, the Kuiper belt, and the Oort cloud. The asteroid belt is a region between Mars and Jupiter. Beyond Neptune is a region called the Kuiper belt, which extends to about 100 a.u. Further out is the Oort cloud, extending more than 1,000 times the distance between the sun and Neptune. • THE DIAGRAM SHOWS THE • RELATIVE POSITIONS OF THE • ASTEROID BELT, THE KUIPER • BELT AND THE OORT CLOUD. • RELATE TEXT AND VISUALS • AS YOU READ THIS LESSON, WRITE • A C TO SHOW WHERE A COMET • WOULD LIKELY COME FROM. • WRITE A P TO SHOW WHERE YOU • WOULD EXPECT TO FIND A • PLUTOID. WRITE AN A TO SHOW • WHERE YOU WOULD EXPECT TO • FIND AN ASTEROID.

  7. Dwarf Planets pg. 165 • Dwarf planets orbit the sun and have enough gravity to pull themselves into spheres, but they have other objects in the area of their orbits. • There are five known dwarf planets: • PLUTO, ERIS, MAKEMAKE, HAUMEA, AND CERES • Like planets, dwarf planets can have moons. • Pluto- 3 moons- Charon, Nix, and Hydra • Haumea- 2 moons • Eris- 1 moon • All dwarf planets orbit beyond Neptune(called Plutoids).- Except Ceres which orbits in the asteroid belt. • Did You Know? • The Gainesville Solar Walk, a four-billion-to-one scale model of the solar system, still includes Pluto in the model. In 2006, the model’s sponsors chose to leave Pluto in place.

  8. Comets pg. 165 • Comets are loose collections of ice, dust, and small rocky particles whose orbits can be long, narrow ellipses. Most comets originate in the Oort cloud. • When a comet gets close to the sun, the ice melts, releasing gas and dust. Clouds of gas and dust form a comet’s glowing, fuzzy outer layer, or coma. The nucleus is the solid inner core of a comet. Some of the gas and dust streams outward, forming two tails—a gas tail that points away from the sun, and a dust tail that points along the path the comet has taken.

  9. A Comet’s Orbit Comets, as shown here, have long, narrow orbits. Their tails tend to grow longer as they approach the sun. Complete the diagram by adding the comet’s tails.

  10. Asteroids • Asteroids are rocky objects, most of which are too small and too numerous to be considered planets or dwarf planets. Asteroids are leftover pieces of the early solar system that never came together to form a planet. • Small bodies • Most asteroids are small- less than a km in diameter and are not • spherical. • Asteroid orbits • Most asteroids orbit the sun in the asteroid belt. Some though have very elliptical orbits that bring them closer to the sun than to Earth. • One or more large asteroids did hit Earth about 65 million years ago, filling the atmosphere with dust and smoke and blocking sunlight around the world. Scientists hypothesized that many species of organisms, including the dinosaurs became extinct as a result.

  11. Apply it! Pg. 166 • Classify- For each description below, classify the object as a dwarf planet, comet, asteroid, or meteoroid. • This object is slightly smaller than Pluto. It orbits the sun beyond Neptune and is spherical. _______________________________ • This object is irregularly shaped. It orbits the sun just outside the orbit of Mars._________________________________________ • This object is a chunk of rock and metal. It was once part of another object that orbited the sun. ________________________ • This object is composed of ice and rock. It orbits the sun in an elongated orbit, taking many years to complete one orbit. ______ • ____________________________________________________ • 5. Challenge- Which 2 types of objects are hardest to tell apart? • _______________________________________________________

  12. Meteoroids pg. 167 • Meteors and meteorites • Meteoroids are chunks of rock or dust smaller than asteroids. When a meteoroid enters Earth’s atmosphere, friction with the air creates heat and produces a streak of light, called a meteor. Most meteoroids burn up completely. But those reaching the Earth’s surface are known as meteorites. Meteorite impacts can leave craters • Meteor Showers • Meteor showers occur as Earth passes through areas with many meteoroids, and are often named for the constellations from where they appear to come. The Perseids, Geminids, and Orionids are examples of meteor showers.

  13. Assess Your Understanding pg. 167 • 1a. Review- (Comets/Asteroids) are rocky, while (comets/asteroids) are made of ice and dust. • b. Compare and Contrast- What is the difference between a dwarf planet and an asteroid? _________________________________ • ______________________________________________________ • ______________________________________________________ • c. Relate Cause and Effect- How and why does a comet change as it approaches the sun? ___________________________________ • _______________________________________________________ • I get it! Now I know that small solar system objects include________ • _______________________________________________________

More Related