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Nations, nationalism and national identity

Nations, nationalism and national identity. What is a nation?. Language, culture, ethnicity? Nationality: ethnic and cultural identity Language, religion, common history & traditions want to uphold, common territory (not conditions but likely defining features).

robertclewis
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Nations, nationalism and national identity

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  1. Nations, nationalism and national identity

  2. What is a nation? • Language, culture, ethnicity? • Nationality: ethnic and cultural identity • Language, religion, common history & traditions want to uphold, common territory (not conditions but likely defining features)

  3. Imagined communities (Anderson) • It is the magic of nationalism to turn chance into destiny • Folklore, tradition, created symbols

  4. Nationalism as ideology/movement • Demands of the nationality are to translate these into a state form. • Asserts validity of national traits for political ends • Self determination is the demand by a nationality to become a state.

  5. Rousseau’s ‘general will’ and ‘popular sovereignty’: the foundation of nationalism? • The French Revolution – sovereignty of the people and the nation. Established ‘patriotism’: • Response in other European countries: German nationalism e.g.: a traditional form, willed by God, biological, racial and cultural traits: Prussia, 1871.

  6. Waves of nationalism (Macridis) • France – affected European nationalities • End WWI – collapse Austro-Hungarian Empire, Romania and Bulgaria independent, Poland, Finland… • End WWII – collapse of colonial power, e.g. the Middle East, Africa • Collapse Soviet Union

  7. Is nationalism inevitable? • Implies right to statehood/self-government • Identity, consciousness, redrawing boundaries and conflict: reconfirms the state system • Do nations have the right to states? • Examples: The Roma, the Palestinians, Israel

  8. The break up of the nation state • Examples, Yugoslavia: a return to nationalism? • Iraq? UK?

  9. The nation state • A state and a nationality • National sovereignty • Katzenstein: Germany from semi-sovereign to sovereign state • Milward: The European rescue of the nation state

  10. Rise of the region state? • Post national? Two trends – rise of nationalism and transnational developments • Examples: European Union, Latin America? Pan-Arab nationalism • Are they connected? Does supranational development and problems this creates for democratic representation CAUSE a rise of regional identity and nationalism? • Glocalisation.

  11. Challenges to the nation state • International Organisations/Region states • International norms and values? • Creating national fragmentation? • Enhance strong states? • Are nation states undermined?

  12. International Law • International law, e.g. US soldiers and ICC • Milosovic on trial • Environmental standards

  13. The market and international finance • WTO; IMF; trade & aid packages • Shell Oil • US drugs’ patents • International intervention • Humanitarian intervention • Nuclear proliferation

  14. The transformation of the state and sovereignty? • How do we map democracy on to changed contours of national sovereignty and the international community? • Can we recreate through International Society?

  15. Cosmopolitanism: citizens of the world? • Universal values. Common standards that apply to all individuals and actions, through international law and international organisations.

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