1 / 46

Cell Cycle Notes

Cell Cycle Notes. 4 Reasons why cells divide. Efficiency DNA Overload Growth Replace Cells. http://www.animationlibrary.com. Cell Division in Prokaryotes. Called Binary Fission DNA is copied & cell divides. Cell Division in Eukaryotes. Called Mitosis

rnell
Download Presentation

Cell Cycle Notes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Cell Cycle Notes

  2. 4 Reasons why cells divide • Efficiency • DNA Overload • Growth • Replace Cells http://www.animationlibrary.com

  3. Cell Division in Prokaryotes • Called Binary Fission • DNA is copied & cell divides

  4. Cell Division in Eukaryotes • Called Mitosis • Cell Grows & Copies its DNA then divides

  5. Cell Cycle video

  6. The series of events that cells go through as they grow & divide ~ The Cell Cycle

  7. 2 Phases of the Cell Cycle • Interphase • “M” Phase • Includes Mitosis & Cytokinesis

  8. Interphase: a growth period • G1 (Growth/Gap 1) - Cell grows in size, makes new organelles & performs assigned function; DNA is relaxed in chromatin and is not visible • S phase (Synthesis) - duplicates DNA to prepare for mitosis • G2 (Growth/Gap 2) – cell prepares for mitosis

  9. Interphase

  10. Vocab Terms • Chromatin DNA “scrunched up” in the nucleus & is not visible

  11. Vocab Terms • Chromatin DNA “scrunched up” in the nucleus & is not visible • Chromosomecell structure that carries the genetic material; visible during mitosis

  12. Vocab Terms • Sister chromatidsidentical halves of the duplicated parent chromosome • Centromerecell structure that joins the two sister chromatids of a chromosome

  13. Prophase • DNA organizes • chromatin condense into visible chromosomes (of two sister chromatids held together as a pair by a centromere. • Nuclear membrane & nucleolus disappear. • Spindle fibers form between the pairs of centrioles

  14. Prophase

  15. Metaphase • Chromosomes line up in the middle of the cell. • Each chromatid is attached to a separate spindle fiber by its centromere.

  16. Metaphase

  17. Anaphase • Sister chromatids are pulled apart to opposite poles of the cell.

  18. Anaphase

  19. Telophase • 2 identical daughter cells are formed. • Cytokinesis occurs (the division of the cytoplasm) as the plasma membrane pinches in along the equator. • Nucleolus and nuclear membrane reappear, chromosomes begin to uncoil & relax back into chromatin

  20. Telophase

  21. Microscope video of the cell cycleMicroscope video of the cell cycle 2Embryonic development video

  22. Picture of cytokinesis *Image courtesy Indigo Instruments. Visit indigo.com for more original content like this. Reprint permission is granted with this footer included.*

  23. Plants in cytokinesis • Because plant cells have a cell wall, a cell plate forms across the cell’s equator instead of pinching in.

  24. Finally… • After mitosis is complete, each new daughter cell is an identical copy of the parent cell.

  25. Cell Cycle Pneumonic • Interphase • Prophase • Metaphase • Anaphase • Telophase • Cytokinesis • I • Put • My • Apples • To • Cook

  26. All together now…

  27. Talk to a partner: Explain the phases of Mitosis

  28. Cell Cycle practice

  29. Cell Cycle Video Lingering Questions…. • How long does the cell spend in each phase? • What is the life span of human cells? • What happens when the cell is NOT growing or dividing? • Does the cell continue in the cell cycle indefinitely?

  30. How long does the cell spend in each phase?

  31. How long does the cell spend in each phase?

  32. What is the life span of human cells?

  33. Think-Pair-Share:Explain why damage to heart muscle cells are permanent Explain why spinal cord injuries are irreversible

  34. What happens when the cell is not growing or dividing? Cell is resting

  35. When cells are damaged and need repair or need to be replaced, cell will re-enter the cell cycle

  36. Talk to a Partner: Do Cells Grow Indefinitely? Section 10-3 If center cells are removed, cells near the space will start to grow again until they touch or can’t absorb nutrients. SHOWS: Cell division genes can be turned on and off Cells grow until they touch other cells

  37. Cancer • Some cells do not respond to the signals that regulate the growth (skip G0) • Result ~ uncontrolled cell growth: cancer • Causes of cancer: • cigarette & tobacco use • radiation exposure (X-ray & UV light) • genetics • some viruses

  38. Cancer Video

  39. Stem Cells • Stem cells - unspecialized cells • Through cell differentiation – stem cells become specialized in structure and function • Two Types: Embryonic and Adult Stem Cells

  40. Stem Cell video

  41. Cornell Summary

More Related