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Understanding the Respiratory System: Anatomy and Functions

Dive into the intricacies of the respiratory system, from the nose to the lungs, exploring how each organ functions in respiration. Learn about the importance of the bronchial tree, alveoli, and pulmonary ventilation process. Discover the vital role of each part in supplying oxygen and removing carbon dioxide from the body.

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Understanding the Respiratory System: Anatomy and Functions

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  1. Respiratory System

  2. Organs • Nose • Functions: • 1. Warms, moistens, and filters incoming air • 2. Sense of Smell • 3. Resonating Chamber for speech sounds • Pharynx • Functions • 1. Passageway for air and food • 2. Resonating chamber for sound

  3. Larynx (voice box) • Epiglottis- closes larynx so food and water don’t enter Trachea • Vocal Cords – produce sound & hold breath • Trachea (Windpipe) • Function = passageway for air

  4. Bronchi • Trachea branches into right and left primary bronchus ->secondary bronchi -> tertiary bronchi -> bronchioles -> terminal bronchioles

  5. On Your Sweat Page: (pic) • Draw the bronchial Tree from Trachea to bronchioles

  6. Lungs • Divided into lobes (3 on Right and 2 on Left) • Each lobe is divided into lobules • Each lobule has an arteriole, a venule and a branch from a terminal bronchiole • Terminal bronchioles -> Respiratory bronchioles -> Alveolar Ducts • Around the ducts are alveolar sacs and many alveoli • Over the alveoli is a capillary network where diffusion of gasses occurs • ->This requires Great Surface Area!!!!!! • *On your SWEAT PAGE Give an example of how much Surface area the alveoli provide

  7. On your Sweat Page:

  8. Respiration = supplies cells with oxygen and removes carbon dioxide • Pulmonary Ventilation (Breathing) • =Air flow between the atmosphere and lungs • *due to pressure differences

  9. Inspiration • Lung size must be expanded • 1. Contraction of the diaphragm • 2. Contraction of intercostal muscles, pulls ribs up and sternum out • 3. When lung volume increases, pressure drops and air rushes in

  10. Expiration • A passive process, the respiratory muscles relax • 1. Ribs move downward • 2. Diaphragm moves upward • 3. When lung volume decreases, pressure increases and air moves out of the lungs

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