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Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Mon, 11/18: - Muscular System Pre-Test

Today in Human Anatomy. Pick up: Muscles to Identify PPT notes Muscular System notes Part 1 Muscular System Pre-Test Box of crayons Mr. Muscle Man diagram A colored pencil Muscle Tissue Comparison wkst Muscle Review wkst. Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Mon, 11/18:

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Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Mon, 11/18: - Muscular System Pre-Test

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  1. Today in Human Anatomy... • Pick up: • Muscles to Identify PPT notes • Muscular System notes Part 1 • Muscular System Pre-Test • Box of crayons • Mr. Muscle Man diagram • A colored pencil • Muscle Tissue Comparison wkst • Muscle Review wkst Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Mon, 11/18: - Muscular System Pre-Test Anatomy Fun Fact: Eye muscles are one of the busiest muscles in your body. Scientists believe they move more than 100,000 times a day! • Agenda: • Begin Muscular System • -Identification of Quiz #1 Skeletal Muscles • -Naming Skeletal Muscles • -Structure & Function • -Comparing 3 types of muscle tissue Homework: Ch. 10 Tour – Tues, 11/19 Muscles Quiz #1 – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21

  2. THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM: • Per. 3: • Irelan • Megan • Per. 4: • Justin • Michael • KJ • Jimmy • Andie • Per. 5: • Jose • Sydney • Per. 6: • Yadira • Sam • Kahri • Please plan on coming in to any of my Office Hours THIS WEEK: • BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6:45-7:15 a.m.) • Mon & Wed @ lunch • You will need about 40-50 mins to complete the Exam!

  3. Learning Scales: 4 – “Could Teach It” Confident = smiley face 3– Mastery; Confident =check mark 2 – Need a refresher = star 1 – Hmmm… = question mark 0 – Never Head of It = question mark Muscular System Pre-Test • QUIETLY& INDIVIDUALLYcomplete the Muscular System Pre-Test by using the KEY(colors & symbols) in the Pre-Unit column. • Remember…be HONEST! • This is your Study Guide for this Unit! • When finished, put your Muscular System Pre-Test in your Learning Scales/Goals & Pre-Tests section of your Anatomy Ntbk. • Return the crayons to the box & the box to the light blue cubbie. Thanks!

  4. The Muscular System

  5. Add this SLIDE to your notes! Very important!!! Latin Roots/Prefixes/Suffixes to KNOW! • Myo/mys – muscle • Fila – thread • Epi – on • Endo – in • Peri – around • Sarco – flesh • Syn – together • Bi – 2 • Tri – 3 • Quad – 4 • Add – towards • Orb – circular • Ora– mouth/spoken • Oculi – eye • Micro/mini – small • Max – large • Cardia – related to heart • Neuro – nervous, neural • Trans – across/over • Iso – same • Metr – distance • Ton - stretch

  6. Skeletal Muscle Functions • Produce movement • Maintain posture • Stabilize joints • Generate heat

  7. Muscles & Body Movements Movement is attained due to a muscle moving an attached bone Muscles are attached to at least 2 points Origin Attachment to immoveable bone Insertion Attachment to movable bone Complete & color-code (#14)

  8. Types of Muscles • Prime mover—muscle with major responsibility for a certain movement • Antagonist—muscle that opposes or reverses a prime mover • Synergist—muscle that aids a prime mover in a movement & helps prevent rotation • Fixator—stabilizes origin of a prime mover Complete #16

  9. Naming Skeletal Muscles • By direction of muscle fibers • Examples • Rectus (straight) • Transverse (horizontal) • Oblique (angle) • By relative size of the muscle • Examples • Maximus (largest) • Minimus (smallest) • Longus (longest) • By location of the muscle • Examples • Temporalis (temporal bone) • Occipitalis (occipital bone) • By number of origins • Examples • Triceps (3 heads) • Biceps (2 heads) • Quadriceps (4 muscles in group)

  10. Naming Skeletal Muscles • By location of the muscle’s origin & insertion • Example • Sternocleidomastoid (on the sternum) • By action of the muscle • Examples • Flexor (flexes a bone) • Extensor (extends a bone) • Abductor (abducts a limb) • Adductor (adducts a limb) • By shape of the muscle • Examples • Deltoid (triangular) • Trapezius (trapezoid)

  11. Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Orbicularis oris -Pectoralis major -External oblique -Adductor group -Vastus medialis Muscle Quiz #1

  12. Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Adductor group -Gluteus maximus -Gastrocnemius Muscle Quiz #1

  13. Naming Skeletal Muscles Review • Identify 1 skeletal muscle we have learned that is named for… • Its relative size? • Gluteus maximus • Its location on the body? • Latissimus dorsi • Its shape? • Orbicularis oris • The number of origins? • Biceps brachii • The direction of muscle fibers? • External obliques

  14. Have out your Muscle Tissue Comparison checklist… How many different types of muscle tissue is found in the body? 3!

  15. The Muscular System • Muscles are responsible for all types of body movement • 3muscle types are found in the body • Skeletal muscle • Attached to bone & skin • Produce movement, stabilize joints, provide posture & generate heat • Cardiac muscle • Walls of the heart • Protect the heart & produce contractions of the heart walls • Smooth muscle • Walls of hollow visceral (i.e, stomach) organs (except heart) • Protect organs & produce slow contractions

  16. Comparison of Skeletal, Cardiac & Smooth Muscles

  17. Characteristics of Muscles • All muscles share some terminology • myo & mys refer to “muscle” • sarco refers to “flesh” • Skeletal & smooth muscle cells are elongated (muscle cell = muscle fiber) • Contraction of muscles is due to the movement (pulling together) of microfilaments (micro = “small”; fila = “thread”)

  18. Smooth Muscle Characteristics • Lacks striations • Spindle-shaped cells • Single nucleus • Involuntary—no conscious control • Contractions happen very slowly • Found mainly in the walls of hollow organs • Stomach, urinary bladder, respiratory passages

  19. Cardiac Muscle Characteristics • Striations • Usually has a single nucleus • Branching cells • Joined to another muscle cell at an intercalated disc • Involuntary • Contractions happen slowly • Found only in the heart

  20. Let’s look at our Muscle Tissue Comparison checklist… Skeletal Muscle Characteristics • Most are attached by tendons to bones • Cells are multinucleated • Striated—have visible banding • Voluntary—subject to conscious control • Contractions happen slow to fast • Muscles are either contracted or relaxed • Contracted the muscle exerts pulling force = muscle shortens • Since muscles can only pull (not push), they work in pairs (antagonistic muscles) • Example: Biceps & Triceps • Muscle thatbends joint is called theflexormuscle • Muscle thatstraightens joint is called theextensormuscle Which is the flexor muscle? Extensor muscle?

  21. EXAMPLE

  22. Closing Activity Comparing 3 Muscles Tissues wkst • Work INDIVIDUALLY on the wkst using the notes we just discussed!

  23. Today in Human Anatomy... • Turn in: • Ch. 10 Tour • Have out: • Muscular System notes Part 1 • Mr. Muscle Man • Pick up: • A colored pencil (different than yesterday’s) • Web of Life article & questionnaire • Connective Tissue Wr. of Sk. Mus. diagram • Anatomy Muscular System Review packet Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Tues, 11/19: - Web of Life article Anatomy Fun Fact: There are muscle cells in the longest body muscle (Sartorius) which are more than a foot in length. Homework: Muscles Quiz #1 – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21 Web of Life article wkst – Fri, 11/22 Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25 • Agenda: • Identify Muscle Quiz #2 Muscles • Continue Muscular System notes • Connective Tissue Wrappings & Layers of Muscles

  24. THOSE WHO NEED TO MAKE UP THE APPENDICULAR & JOINTS EXAM: • Per. 3: • Irelan • Megan • Per. 4: • Justin • Michael • KJ • Jimmy • Andie • Per. 5: • Jose • Sydney • Per. 6: • Yadira • Sam • Kahri • Please plan on coming in to any of my Office Hours THIS WEEK: • BEFORE school Mon-Fri (6:45-7:15 a.m.) • Mon & Wed @ lunch • You will need about 40-50 mins to complete the Exam!

  25. The Web of Life • Read quietly through the article about the connective tissue known as fascia, “The Web of Life” (please do NOT write on the article copy). • Reciprocal teaching activity??? • QUESTIONNAIRE: • Answer the questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES on your questionnaire. • Due Fri, 11/22

  26. Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Sternocleidomastoid -Biceps brachii -Deltoid -Vastus lateralis -Transverse abdominis Muscle Quiz #2

  27. Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Latissimus dorsi -Deltoid -Semitendinosus Muscle Quiz #2

  28. Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Tendons—cord-like structures • Mostly collagen fibers • Attach muscle belly to bone Label your drawing! Figure 6.1

  29. Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue • Fascia—tough connective tissue, outside of the epimysium of the muscle belly, that creates a 3-D web around every muscle Figure 6.1

  30. Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue • Epimysium—covers the entire skeletal muscle (muscle belly) Label your drawing & use 1 color to identify the muscle belly! Figure 6.1

  31. Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle Label your drawing & use a different color to identify the fascicles! • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue • Perimysium—wraps around a fascicle(bundle) of muscle fibers Figure 6.1

  32. Connective Tissue Wrappings & Attachments of Skeletal Muscle • Cells are surrounded & bundled by connective tissue • Endomysium—encloses a single muscle fiber Label your drawing & use the last color to identify the muscle fiber/cell! Figure 6.1

  33. Microscopic Anatomy of Skeletal Muscle • Sarcolemma—specialized plasma membrane that surrounds a myofibril • Myofibrils—long organelles inside muscle cell

  34. NOT HERE - Wed Today in Human Anatomy... • Have out: • Musc. Sys. Rev. Packet • Pick up: • Biomechanics Part A & B wkst • Ruler • 3 different colored pencils • Muscle Structure diagram Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Wed, 11/20 & Thurs, 11/21: - Biomechanics wksts – Part A & B Anatomy Fun Fact: Muscles in the middle of the ear are the smallest muscles present in the human body. Homework: Web of Life article wkst – Fri, 11/22 Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25 Muscular Sys. Rev. packet – Wed, 11/27 • Agenda: • Muscles Quiz #1 • Bionics article, prompt & writing response • Muscular System Review Packet (in class review)

  35. Biceps Biomechanics Part B • Using the information from last week’s Biomechanics warm-up, the picture to the right & the wkst/ ruler, completeBiceps Biomechanics Part B. • Return your rulers to the bin when finished!

  36. Muscles to Identify Quiz #1 Pick up 1 colored pencil (ALL muscles will be color-code with 1 color). QUIETLY take the quiz & turn it in to theHmwk Bin when finished.

  37. National Geographic: Bionics • Read through the article “Bionics” (read-around, partners, solo?). • You may annotate the article as you please (symbols, writing in margins, highlighting). • Prompt: “We are giving people tools. They are better than what previously existed. But they are still crude, like a hammer, compared with the complexity of the human body. They can’t hold a candle to Mother Nature.” • Using your knowledge of the interdependence of organ systems in the human body & how skeletal muscle is organized & using direct information about bionics in the article, discuss why this quote is so truthful. • 3-paragraph response (opening, body, closing) • Bionics - Photo Gallery

  38. The Web of Life • QUESTIONNAIRE: • Answer the questions in COMPLETE SENTENCES on your questionnaire. • Due Fri, 11/22

  39. Today in Human Anatomy... • Have out: • Mr. Muscle Man • A colored pencil (different than other 2 colors) • Sk. Muscle diagram • Turn in: • Web of Life article wkst Week #6 (11/18-11/22) Warm Up – Fri, 11/22: - Organization of Skeletal Muscle Review Anatomy Fun Fact: As the body gets cold, heat is generated due to shivering which causes rapid muscle contractions. Homework: Muscles Quiz #2 – Mon, 11/25 Muscular Sys. Rev. packet – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Bionics writing response (if not finished in class) – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Muscles Quiz #3 – Tues, 11/26 & Wed, 11/27 Muscle System Quiz #1 (Structure, Function & Organization) – Tues, 12/3 • Agenda: • Identify Muscles for Quiz #3 • Review: Play Doh Muscles Activity • Bionics article & writing (in class time)

  40. Skeletal Muscle Organization B (wrapping) Name the following structures & connective tissue wrappings of skeletal muscle. D (wrapping) A (structure) C (structure) E (wrapping) F (structure) G (structure)

  41. Superficial Muscles: Anterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Anterior Muscles: -Frontalis -Rectus femoris -Sartorius -Gracilis -Masseter -Rectus abdominis Muscle Quiz #3

  42. Superficial Muscles: Posterior Identify (by number) & color-code (all the same color) the following Posterior Muscles: -Soleus -Biceps femoris -Triceps brachii Muscle Quiz #3

  43. REVIEW of SKELETAL MUSCLE STRUCTURE:Play Doh Activity • Using the 4 colors of modeling clay, develop a mini replica of skeletal muscle, including… • 1 muscle belly • At least 3 fascicles • At least 3 muscle fibers within each fascicle • At least 3 myofibrils within each muscle fiber Muscle belly Fascicles Muscle fibers Myofibrils

  44. National Geographic: Bionics • Read through the article “Bionics” (read-around, partners, solo?). • You may annotate the article as you please (symbols, writing in margins, highlighting). • Prompt: “We are giving people tools. They are better than what previously existed. But they are still crude, like a hammer, compared with the complexity of the human body. They can’t hold a candle to Mother Nature.” • Using your knowledge of the interdependence of organ systems in the human body & how skeletal muscle is organized & using direct information about bionics in the article, discuss why this quote is so truthful. • 3-paragraph response (opening, body, closing) • Bionics - Photo Gallery

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