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Periodic Table of Elements

Periodic Table of Elements. Element. An element is a substance that is made up of ONE kind of atom only . e.g. Carbon. An atom is made up of :. protons. neutrons. electrons. + ve. Protons. Are small positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom. Neutrons.

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Periodic Table of Elements

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  1. Periodic Tableof Elements

  2. Element An element is a substance that is made up of ONE kind of atom only. e.g. Carbon

  3. An atom is made up of : • protons • neutrons • electrons

  4. + ve Protons Are small positively charged particles found in the nucleus of an atom.

  5. Neutrons Are small particleswith no charge found in the nucleus of an atom.

  6. Electrons - ve Are very tiny negatively chargedparticles that move around the nucleus of an atom.

  7. Element There are approximately 110 different known elements. Each element has its own symbol made up of one or two letters.

  8. Element The first letter is always a CAPITAL letter. If there is a second letter it is always a SMALL letter.

  9. The Periodic Table of Elements All 110 elements can be arranged in a table that shows the relationships between the different elements.

  10. The Periodic Table of Elements Each element is arranged according to its atomic number.

  11. Atomic Number Each element of the periodic table has its own atomic number. The atomic number is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus of the atom.

  12. Periodic Table H 1 Hydrogen 1 He 2 Helium 2 Li 3 Lithium 2. 1 Be 4 Beryllium 2. 2 B 5 Boron 2.3 C 6 Carbon 2.4 N 7 Nitrogen 2.5 O 8 Oxygen 2 6 F 9 Fluorine 2.7 Ne 10 Neon 2.8 Na 11 Sodium 2. 8. 1 Mg 12 Magnesium 2. 8. 2 Al 13 Aluminium 2. 8. 3 Si 14 Silicon 2. 8. 4 P 15 Phosphorus 2.8. 5 Cl 17 Chlorine 2. 8. 7 Ar 18 Argon 2.8. 8 S 16 Sulfur 2. 8. 6 K 19 Potassium 2.8.8.1 Ca 20 Calcium 2.8.8.2 Atomic number symbol S 16 Sulfur 2. 8. 6 name electron arrangement KEY

  13. Look at the next picture of the periodic table. Where are the metals found? Where are the non-metals found?

  14. Periodic Table H 1 Hydrogen 1 He 2 Helium 2 Li 3 Lithium 2. 1 Be 4 Beryllium 2. 2 B 5 Boron 2.3 C 6 Carbon 2.4 N 7 Nitrogen 2.5 O 8 Oxygen 2 6 F 9 Fluorine 2.7 Ne 10 Neon 2.8 Na 11 Sodium 2. 8. 1 Mg 12 Magnesium 2. 8. 2 Al 13 Aluminium 2. 8. 3 Si 14 Silicon 2. 8. 4 P 15 Phosphorus 2.8. 5 S 16 Sulfur 2. 8. 6 Cl 17 Chlorine 2. 8. 7 Ar 18 Argon 2.8. 8 K 19 Potassium 2.8.8.1 Ca 20 Calcium 2.8.8.2 Non- metals Special Metals

  15. Answer : • The metals are found on the LEFT hand side of the periodic table. • The non-metals are found on the RIGHT hand side of the periodic table.

  16. Electron Arrangement The electrons are arranged around the nucleus of an atom in energy levels.

  17. electrons The 1st energy levels holds a maximum of : 2 The 2nd energy levels holds a maximum of : 8 The 3rd energy levels acts as if it is full when it has : 8

  18. Magnesium atomic no. 12It has 12 protons & 12 electrons.    1st energy level   Mg   2nd energy level  3rd energy level     i.e. Magnesium 2. 8. 2

  19. Mass Number Each element has a different mass. Both protons and neutrons are given a mass of 1. Because electrons are so small we ignore their mass.

  20. Mass Number The mass number of an atom = the sum of the protons and the neutrons in the nucleus of an atom

  21. Mass Number e.g. Sodium has • 11 protons • 12 neutrons Mass Number = 11 + 12 = 23

  22. Cl 35 17 The larger number is the MASS Number The smaller number is the ATOMIC Number Write down all the information that the box provides.

  23. Cl 35 17 It tells us : • The element is chlorine. • It has the symbol Cl. • It has an atomic no. of 17. • It has 17 protons in its nucleus.

  24. Cl 35 17 It tells us : • It has 17 electrons going around the nucleus. • It has a mass number of 35. • It has 18 neutrons in its nucleus. • The electron arrangement is 2.8.7.

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