1 / 89

Periodic Table of Elements

Periodic Table of Elements. MEET THE ELEMENTS. Pages 124-167 Ch.4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 5.1. Dmitri Mendeleev. He recognized patterns in the element’s approximate atomic masses and their ability to bond with other elements. http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:06:40:24&e=00:07:19:00.

chanton
Download Presentation

Periodic Table of Elements

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript


  1. Periodic Table of Elements MEET THE ELEMENTS Pages 124-167 Ch.4.1, 4.2, 4.3, 4.4 and 5.1

  2. Dmitri Mendeleev • He recognized patterns in the element’s approximate atomic masses and their ability to bond with other elements.

  3. http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:06:40:24&e=00:07:19:00

  4. Periodic Table • Based on atomic masses and their ability to bond with other elements, Mendeleev constructed the first periodic Table.

  5. The Atom • Nucleus: The core of the atom that contains two different subatomic particles.

  6. The Atom cont… • Protons: Have a positive charge. • The number of protons equals the number of electrons.

  7. The Atom cont… • Neutrons: Have no Charge.

  8. The Atom cont… • Electrons Negative charge. • .

  9. http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&ch=2

  10. Atomic Numbers, Symbols and Mass Element Symbol 47 Ag Silver 107.868 • Atomic number is the smaller number and the number of protons in the nucleus. Element Name Atomic mass is all the protons and neutrons added together.

  11. How to calculate # of neutrons • Atomic mass - Atomic number = # of neutrons This element is Nitrogen. Its mass is 14. So atomic # of 7, minus atomic mass of 14, equals 7 neutrons. Count the number of protons. What element is it?

  12. How to Calculate Number of Electrons • The number of electrons equal the number of protons. 7 electrons 7 protons

  13. http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:07:54:00&e=00:08:13:03 • http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:08:24:24&e=00:09:02:00

  14. Please select a Team. • Team 1 • Team 2 • Team 3 • Team 4 • Team 5 • Team 6 • Team 7 • Team 8

  15. 30 0 How many neutrons does Mn (Manganese) have? • 25 • 55 • 7 • 30

  16. 0 of 30 How many Neutrons does K (Potassium) have? • 19 • 20 • 39 • 11 10

  17. How many Protons does Hg Have? 30 • 80 • 200 • 120 0

  18. How many Electrons does Hg Have? 30 • 80 • 200 • 120 0

  19. Team Scores

  20. Isotopes • When atoms of the same element have a different number of neutrons

  21. Valence Electrons • The electrons on the outermost ring or energy level that can be shared or transferred with other atoms to make compounds.

  22. Valence Electrons and Bonding (ch. 5.1 pgs. 176-182) The number of valence electrons in an atom of an element determines many properties of that element, including the ways in which the atom can bond with other atoms.

  23. 0 of 30 When an atom has a different # of neutrons it’s called a… • Ion • Isotope • Proton • Element

  24. 30 0 What subatomic particle influences an elements ability to bond? • Protons • Neutrons • Valence Electrons • Nucleus

  25. Take out a piece of paper, stand up and stretch

  26. WARM-UP • What electrons influence an element’s ability to bond with other elements to make compounds? • What information does the periodic table tell us? • What is an Isotope? • Calculate the number of neutrons in the following elements: Gold (Au), Mercury (Hg), Potassium (K) and Cobalt (Co).

  27. Groups –Families elements in a group have very similar characteristics i.e. bonding, reactivity, valence electrons Periods- elements in a period are not alike, but gradually change as you move from left to right.

  28. http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:09:01:00&e=00:09:55:15 • http://172.26.64.6/?a=3205&s=00:09:55:15&e=00:10:35:11

  29. METALS • Almost 75% of all elements are classified as metals.

  30. Properties of Metals • Conductors: Metals are good at conducting electricity. • Malleable: Ability to bend or pound into shapes.

  31. Properties of Metals • Ductile: Pull or stretch into wire. • Many are shiny, hard and magnetic.

  32. Please select a Team. • Team 1 • Team 2 • Team 3 • Team 4 • Team 5 • Team 6 • Team 7 • Team 8

  33. 0 of 30 What are the horizontal rows called on the periodic table? • Periods • Groups/families

  34. 30 0 0 What is a characteristic of metals? • Gas • Stable • Good conductor • Brittle

  35. 0 of 30 Metals are malleable, which means… • Pound or mold into shape • Brittle • Stretch into wire

  36. 0 of 30 What do all elements in a group/family have in common? • Same # of Valence electrons • Same # of protons • Same # of rings/shells/energy levels

  37. 0 of 30 What do all elements in a PERIOD have in common? • Same # of Valence electrons • Same # of protons • Same # of rings/shells/energy levels

  38. Participant Scores

  39. Team Scores

  40. Alloys • Metals can easily combine into different mixtures of elements.

  41. Examples of alloys • Steel: Fe+C+Cr+V • Bronze: Sn+Cu • Brass: Cu+Zn • White Gold: Ag+Au+Zn+Cu • Yellow gold: Au+Cu+Ni+Zn

  42. ALKALI METALS-Group 1 • So reactive that they are never found isolated in nature, only combined with other elements.

  43. ALKALI METALS-Group 1 • Characteristics Properties: • Soft • Shiny • One valance: electron makes them very reactive.

  44. Write down the following: Reactivity of Hydrogen demo • Purpose:To isolate andobserve the reactivity of an alkali element: H (hydrogen). • Materials:250mL flask, mossy zinc, hydrochloric acid, balloon, string, funnel, meter stick, and matches.

  45. Place enough zinc into the flask to cover the bottom. • Place the funnel on the mouth of the flask. • Pour enough HCL into the flask to cover the zinc (about 2cm high) • Quickly, but carefully remove the funnel and place the balloon over the mouth of the flask. • Let the gas fill the balloon. • Tie the string around the balloon and remove the balloon from the flask. • Tie the balloon to a safe place. • Attach a match to the end of a meter stick and light the balloon with the lit match.

  46. 30 0 The Hydrogen reacted so violently because it has… • 3 protons • 1 neutron • 2 valence electrons • 1 valence electron

  47. 0 of 30 What family is Hydrogen in? • Alkali • Alkaline Earth • Transition • Halogens

  48. 30 0 The reaction was:Zn + HCl  ZnCl + H2What is the correctly balanced equation? • Zn + H2Cl  ZnCl + H2 • 2Zn + 2HCl  2ZnCl + H2 • Zn + HCl  ZnCl + H2 • 2Zn + 3HCl  2ZnCl + H2

  49. 30 0 The reaction was:H2 + O2  H2OWhat is the correctly balanced equation? • H2 + O2 H2O • H2 + O2 H2O2 • 2H2 + O2 2H2O

  50. Alkaline Earth Metals • Group 2 metals. • Very reactive, not as reactive as alkali metals due to having one more valence electron. • Ca: important for bones.

More Related