Future Research Requirements in Latin America

1. Future Research Requirements in Latin America Florencio I. Utreras Executive Director of CLARA Florencio.Utreras@redclara.netMichael StantonDirector of R&D, RNP-Brazilmichael@rnp.br Conference: IRNC Kickoff Meeting Date: July 13, 2010 Place: Arlington, Virginia, USA

2. RedCLARA2: Towards an Terrestrial Optical Network in Latin America

3. RedCLARA January-September 2009Including EuropeAid’s ALICE2, CLARA and NSF’s WHREN-LILA

4. Brazil-US upgrades July-Sept 2009 Before: 2.5 Gbps (NSF + Fapesp) After: 2x 10Gbps(NSF + Fapesp + RNP) In both cases, shared with RedCLARA (now 1 Gbps)

5. Technical Description RedCLARA 2009 • Backbone: • 155 Mbps leased SDH circuits • Mostly submarine cable usage • Use of 300 Mbps between Brazil and Miami (WHREN-LILA) • Access Links • 155 Mbps leased SDH circuits except for • Uruguay 34 Mbps • Colombia 45 Mbps • Ecuador 45 Mbps • Central American countries connected thru Miami

6. RedCLARA 1.5 July 2010 1 Gbps STM-4 STM-4 STM-4 STM-4 10 Gbps

7. Technical Description RedCLARA 1.5 • Backbone: • 622 Mbps leased SDH circuits • Brazil-Chile-Panama-Spain • Mostly submarine cable usage • Access Links • 155 Mbps leased SDH circuits • One optical 2.5 Gbps link connecting Guatemala and El Salvador • 1 Gbps links to the US provided by Brazil and IRNC2 Project (Americas Light - NSF)

8. Terrestrial FO: Creating Synergy with other Projects I • Brazil’s RNP, using US$ 10M funding from FINEP (Brazil), is supporting acquisition of dark fiber and optical equipment for Mercosur Countries (Brazil, Argentina, Paraguay, Uruguay) • Additional funding is being provided by Argentina, Paraguay and Uruguay for these projects.

9. Terrestrial FO: Creating Synergy with other Projects II • The Pierre Auger Southern Cosmic Ray Observatory located south of Mendoza needed connection to InnovaRed (new network in Argentina) • EC-FP6’s Auger Access + RNP + InnovaRed + Silica Networks + CLARA built the whole Santiago-Buenos Aires backbone and fiber to Malargüe Terrestrial FO:

10. The Auger Access Project • The Observatory is located in Malargüe, 400 km south of Mendoza in the Andes mountains • Connect the Auger Observatory to InnovaRed (Argentina) and RedCLARA • Carried out in conjunction with building out the InnovaRed northern backbone Córdova Rosario Buenos Aires Santiago Mendoza Malargüe

11. Terrestrial FO: Synergy along the Santiago-Lima route 566Kms 333Kms : 1373Kms Larga Distancia : 115Kms Tramo Local 474Kms

12. RedCLARA1.75 December 2010 Tapachula Antofagasta Porto Alegre

13. Current and developing Large Science Projects in LA

14. EXPReS: e-VLBI Integrates VLBI around the World

15. TIGO: the Chilean node • Geodesic Observatory of Very Long Base Interferometry (VLBI) • Several observatories around the world are used (Europe, USA, Japan) • Chilean Node located in the South of Chile is connected to the World thru REUNA and RedCLARA

16. ESO – Cerro Paranal The Very Large Telescope (VLT) • UT 1 (Antu) – May 1998 • UT 2 (Kueyen) – March 1999 • UT 3 (Melipal) – January 2000 • UT 4 (Yepun) – September 2000

17. The EVALSO Project • Paranal Observatory is located 130 Km South of Antofagasta in Chile • To instal Optical Fibre from Cerro Paranal to Antofagasta and connect there with REUNA and RedCLARA • Purpose, to develop new modes of observation

18. The Pierre Auger Southern Cosmic Ray Observatory 50 km • Total Surface ~ 3000 Km2 • A network of 160 detectors separated 1,5 km among them • 24 telescopes in 4 buildings Malargüe

19. The 6 Telescopes (30°x30°)

20. The E-ELT Project • European Extremely Large Telescope • To be built at Cerro Armazones in Chile (close to Antofagasta) • 42 m mirror • Building start dates will be defined at the end of 2010

21. The ALMA Project • System of 64 Antennas for Radio Astronomy • In deployment at Chajnantor Chile • Begins operation in 2011 • Throuput of data over 1Tbps per antenna per day

22. The LSST Observatory • In construction at Cerro Pachón (Chile) • Surveys the Sky twice a week • Over 800 high quality images per day • It will be used to create a 3D map of the Universe

23. Management of Response to Natural Disasters • CATHALAC in agreement with UNOOSA • Integrated to UN-SPIDER • To implement a regional surveillance and response system to natural disasters • Several types of data: Seismic, Tropical Storms, Climate, etc

24. Biodiversity • “Species Link” (Brazil) and other databases • “La Selva" and other biological observation stations (Costa Rica) • Oceans: Tropical and Subtropical Western South Atlantic (WSAOBIS)

25. Other scientific and cultural network drivers in LA

26. e2e Circuit (Lightpath) usage for high-end users • The first international 10G link between LA (Brazil) and the US was inaugurated in July, 2009, with a lightpath demo involving the digital cinema community with the transmission of compressed 4K digital média (400 Mbps) and uncompressed HD videoconferencing (900 Mbps) between the FILE 4K event in São Paulo, UCSD (US) and Keio University (JP) • Regular e-science lightpath usage expected in support of Earth observation, Meteorology and Climatology, HEP, e-VLBI and Dark Energy Survey communities • Presently, about 25% of the total international Brazilian capacity of 20G is being used for routed IP traffic – the remainder is currently available for lightpath use.

27. FILE 4K: lightpath topology (July 2009) T-LEXGOLE 2711: unicast SP <> UCSD 2712: unicast SP <> Keio 2713: unicast UCSD <> Keio vlans 2712/3 vlan 2712 vlan 2713 vlans 2711/2 UMackenzie C-wave vlan 2711 Ampath GOLE USP

28. LHC and High-energy Physics • 2 CMS Tier 2 sites in LA (Brazil) have participated in BWC (Bandwidth Challenge) demos at Supercomputing since SC04, always limited by the available int’l bandwidth • SC04: 622 Mbps (RedCLARA) • SC05-08: 2.5 Gbps (WHREN-LILA) • SC09 was the first event after the deployment of the new 2x 10 Gbps Brazilian connectivity to the US. • UERJ (Rio de Janeiro) still rate limited at 1 Gbpsand demonstrated sustained transmission at 850 Mbps • UNESP (São Paulo) was rate limited at 10 Gbps and demonstrated sustained transmission at 8.2 Gbps

29. São Paulo - Portland stress test-- 8 + 8 Gbps --“New record for data flows between Northern and Southern hemispheres” (Our thanks to Sandor Rozsa, responsible for conducting the transfers at the showfloor)

30. Future Internet (FI) research and experimentation (R&E) • FI R&E activities are being carried out in several countries starting around 2005: • US: GENI (Global Envionment for Network Innovation) • EU: FIRE (Future Internet Research and Experimentation) • Japan: AKARI • Korea • Growing tendency to collaborate through federation of testbed facilities • Brazilian initiatives in FI R&E are beginning to form partnerships, especially with US and EU projects • By 2011 international federation of testbeds in Brazil

31. Future terrestrial FO infrastructure in LA

32. Argentina: Innova-Red new nationalbackboneplannedfor 2011 2 4 3 6 7 7 38 6 2 19 3 2 6 2 Public Universities (40) CONICET Research Centres  (122/5) INTA Agricultural Research Centres (240/48/12) Nuclear Energy Research Centres (3) P. Auger Cosmic Ray Observatory Northern route Southern route International link to Brazil Future closure (redundancy)

33. Brazil: RNP phase 6 national backbone planned for 4Q2010 • Agreement with local telco Oi, brokered by regulatory agency • 3 and 10 Gbps to reach 24 of 27 capitals • FO to northern capitals only after 2012 (need to cross the River Amazon) • Last mile access thru optical metro networks in PoP cities, being deployed since 2007 • Hybrid architecture, supporting routed IP and e2e circuit traffic

34. The aim: RedCLARA2.0 10 Gbps 10 Gbps 2.5 Gbps Tapachula 10 Gbps Antofagasta Porto Alegre

35. http://www.redclara.net