December 9, 2013- E Pluribus Unum- ” From Many One ”

1. December 9, 2013- E Pluribus Unum-”From Many One” This motto was adopted in 1782 by the Founding Fathers. Copy the motto above. What do you think the Founding Fathers were trying to say?

2. The Constitutional Convention1787 The Original 13 States • Met in Philadelphia with George Washington as leader • The purpose was to create a republic • In a republic the decisions rest upon the consent of the people who elect representatives • 9 states were needed for ratification or approval

3. Decisions of the Constitutional ConventionFederalism • Throw out the Articles of Confederation and create a stronger federal or national government • Create a federalism, a constitutional system with powers shared between the national and state governments

4. Compromises of the Constitutional Convention • The Great Compromise • Bicameral Legislature • House of Representatives • Representation based on population • Senate • Each state has equal representation • 3/5 Compromise • Debate over counting slaves for purposes of representation • Each slave counts as 3/5 of a person • Slave trade will end in 1808

5. The Constitution of the United States of America -The Law of the Land-

6. The Preamble We the People of the United States of America, in order to form a more perfect Union, establish justice, insure domestic tranquility, provide for the common defense, promote the general welfare, and secure the blessings of liberty to ourselves and our posterity, do ordain and establish this Constitution for the United States of America.

7. GOALS OF THE PREAMBLE

8. The Constitution

9. THE BILL OF RIGHTS • Many people thought the Constitution made the government too strong and disagreed with it. They were called Anti-Federalists. • Thomas Jefferson proposed adding the Bill of Rights. • These 10 amendments protected the individual rights of the Americans. • They guaranteed: • Freedom of worship, speech and press • Trial by jury • No unusual punishments • No housing of soldiers • Right to bear arms • No search and seizure without a court order

10. The United States ConstitutionFederal System of Government The Three Branches of Government Balance of Power EXECUTIVE LEGISLATIVEJUDICIAL CARRIES OUT THE LAWS MAKES THE LAWS JUDGES THE LAWS PRESIDENT CABINET SENATE HOUSE OF SUPREME COURT AND REPRESENTATIVES VICE PRESIDENT

11. CHECKS AND BALANCESThe constitution divides the powers given to the national governmentThis division keeps one branch from being more powerful than another and also allows each branch to check on another’s actions and decisions. EXECUTIVE BRANCH • The President may: • Pardon people convicted of federal crimes • Appoints federal judges JUDICIAL BRANCH • The Supreme Court may: • Declare President’s actions unconstitutional • Declare laws unconstitutional • The President may: • Veto laws passed by Congress • Call a special session of Congress • The Supreme Court may: • Declare laws unconstitutional LEGISLATIVE BRANCH • The Congress may: • Override President’s veto • Refuse to approve a treaty • Refuse to approve a President’s appointments • Remove a President from office • The Senate and House may: • Overrule decisions of the courts by proposing constitutional amendments • May remove federal judges

12. What part did North Carolina play? • NC met in Hillsborough on July 21, 1788 and decided NOT to ratify, or approve, the Constitution. NC believed that it created a central or federal government too powerful. • NC and Rhode Island decided to remain totally independent of the United States. • In Fayetteville in 1789, with the promise of a Bill of Rights, NC became the 12th state to approve the Constitution.