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Fig. 8 in Moran 2004

Sporogenesis. Fig. 8 in Moran 2004. Fern Spore Types. Trilete Spores. Bilete Spores. Spore Wall Components. Perispore (Derived from Sporangium). Exine (Secreted from Within). Intine (Secreted from Within). Green Spores. Green Spores: 1) Comprise 7% of Fern Spores

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Fig. 8 in Moran 2004

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  1. Sporogenesis Fig. 8 in Moran 2004

  2. Fern Spore Types Trilete Spores Bilete Spores

  3. Spore Wall Components Perispore (Derived from Sporangium) Exine (Secreted from Within) Intine (Secreted from Within)

  4. Green Spores Green Spores: 1) Comprise 7% of Fern Spores 2) Contain Chlorophyll 3) Germinate Quickly (1-3 Days after Sowing) 4) Have Short Viability (Days to Months)

  5. Non-Green Spores Non-Green Spores 1) Lack Chlorophyll 2) Can remain Dormant for Years 3) Can form Spore Banks in Soil 4) Buried Spores can be induced to Germinate by Secreted Hormones 5) When exposed to Light, Induced to Germinate

  6. Germinating Spore Fig. 5.8 in Ranker and Haufler 2008

  7. Fern Gametophyte Development

  8. Gametophyte Development: Adiantum Type (I) Fig. 13-28 in Gifford and Foster 1989

  9. Fern Gametophyte Development II: Ceratopteris Type Gametophyte Development (I) Fig. 13-28 in Gifford and Foster 1989

  10. Mature Fern Gametophyte

  11. Fern Female Gametangia: Archegonia

  12. Fern Male Gametangia: Antheridia

  13. Fern Gametes and Fertilization

  14. Fern: Young Sporophyte

  15. Consequences of Bisexual Fern Gametophytes

  16. Consequences of Unisexual Fern Gametophytes

  17. Fern Hormone: Antheridiogen

  18. Antheridiogen Effects I

  19. Antheridiogen Effects II Fig. 5.8 in Ranker and Haufler 2008

  20. Alternative to Sex: Asexual Reproduction (Buds) Bulbet Fern (Cystopteris bulbifera)

  21. Alternative to Sex: Asexual Reproduction (Buds) Walking Fern (Asplenium rhizophyllum)

  22. Apogamy (Production of sporophyte without fusion of gametes) (Asplenum, Cheilanthes, Pellaea, etc.)

  23. Apogamy Fig. 2.5 in Ranker and Haufler 2008

  24. Apospory • Formation of Gametophytes in Absence of Spores • Usually from outgrowths of leaves or scales Fig. 2.6 in Ranker and Haufler 2008

  25. Permanent Loss of Sporophyte “Appalachia Gametophyte” (Vittaria appalachiana)

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