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Highlights of the Civil War

Discover the highlights of the Civil War, including North and South strengths, pivotal Union battles, Lincoln's Emancipation Proclamation, Reconstruction era, and the impacts of the war on the nation.

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Highlights of the Civil War

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  1. Highlights of the Civil War Chapter 4 Sections 2,3

  2. North vs. South North’s strengths South’s Strengths Superior leadership Highly motivated fighters “King Cotton” Easier to fight a defensive war • More resources-guns, weapons,ships • More railroads • Larger population (immigrants flooding into country) • More food

  3. Union Plan • 1)Navy blockade Southern ports • Union riverboats and armies capture the Mississippi River, split Confederacy in half • Union armies capture Confederate capital, Richmond Anaconda Plan

  4. Turning Point of War-July, 1863 • Gettysburg, Pennsylvania- after, loosing this battle, South went on the defensive • Vicksburg, Mississippi-assured capture of the Mississippi River These two victories Gave President Lincoln The upper hand to issue The Emancipation Proclamation-freeing All the slaves in the Confederate states.

  5. 1865 • Appomattox Court House-April 3, 1865 -Southern General Robert E. Lee surrenders to Northern General U. S. Grant • Lincoln Assassinated- April 14, 1865 (Good Friday) • Thirteenth Amendment passed-end of 1865-ending slavery in the United States

  6. Consequences of Civil War • 620,000 men on both sides lost (greater than U.S. casualties in all wars combined) • Politically, federal government’s power strengthened • Economically, gap between North and South widened; North boomed during the war, the South was devastated. • Civil War- first modern war; new weapons changed nature of warfare-rifle, minie ball, ironclad ships

  7. Fourteenth Amendment • Ratified in 1868 • Made former slaves not citizens of the United States but also citizens of the state in which they live • Greatly expanded the reach of the Constitution to include states

  8. Reconstruction • 1865-1877 • Plan to bring the South back into the Union • Lincoln and Johnson’s plan failed • Radical Republicans-1866,divided South into five military districts • Black men given right to vote • Southern states had to adopt the fourteenth amendment

  9. Fifteenth Amendment • Passed in 1870 • Gave black men the right to vote

  10. Failure of Reconstruction • Breakdown of the Republican party weakened the plan; lost control of Congress in 1876 election • Panic of 1873-bank failures caused a depression which diverted attention from the South • Growth of KKK (Ku Klux Klan) • Destroy Republican party • Throw out Reconstruction governments • Help the planter class • Prevent African Americans from using their political power

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