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Utilizing Estonian Oil Shale Ash for the Manufacturing of Glass Ceramics

This study explores the potential of using oil shale ash from Estonia as a raw material for the production of glass ceramics. The research investigates the feasibility of sintering techniques and the impact of binders and recycled glass powders on the chemical stability and strength of the glass-ceramic products.

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Utilizing Estonian Oil Shale Ash for the Manufacturing of Glass Ceramics

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  1. ESTONIAN OIL SHALE ASH AS RAW MATERIAL FOR MANUFACTURING GLASS CERAMICS Rein KUUSIK Laboratory of Inorganic Materials, Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia Mauro MARAGNONI, Enrico BERNARDO Dipartimento di Ingegneria Industriale, Universita` degli Studi di Padova,Padova, Italy rein.kuusik@ttu.ee,mauro.maragnoni@unipd.it, enrico.bernardo@unipd.it

  2. Location of Estonia in Europe Estonia Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  3. Main Estonian natural resources are phosphorite andoil shale Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  4. Estonian Oil Shaleresource for oil, energy and chemicals We can produce from 1 ton of Estonian oil shale: From 1ton of oil shale (2030 kcal/kg) 125 kg of shale oil (9 500 kcal/kg) 35 Nm³ of retort gas (11 200 kcal/m³) 850 kWh of electricity Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015 4

  5. AS NARVA ELEKTRIJAAMAD AS Narva Elektrijaamad Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  6. Formation of ash t=720-800oC kCO2 = 0,65-0,75 t=1250-1400oC, kCO2 = 0,97 BA INT ECO PHA ESPA BA SHA ECO CA ESPA • Circulated fluidized bed combustion (CFBC) • BA (bottom ash) ~30% • INT (Intrex ash) ~11% • ECO (economizer ash) ~6% • PHA (air preheater ash) ~3% • ESPA ~50% • Pulverized firing (PF) • BA (bottom ash) ~40% • SHA (superheaterash) ~3% • ECO (economizer ash)~5 % • CA (cyclone ash) ~35% • ESPA (electrostatic precipitator ash)~17% 16.12.2008 6 Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  7. more lime and secondary silicates more calcite andanhydrite Characterization of oil shale ashes Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  8. Oil Shale Ash Utilization Prospects Backfilling at mining, 1 Building materials, 2 5–7 mln t/yearof ash Road construction, soil stabilization, 3 Agricultural use: soil liming, 4 Sorbents for phosphorus capture, 5 Filler for polymers, 6 New products:PCC and sorbents, 7 Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  9. The present work aims at evidencing the feasibility of a sintering approachfor the production of strong and chemically stable glass-ceramics, based on glass frits. The impact of binders (of organic or inorganic nature), used to favour the shaping of fine powders, and recycledglass powders, considered in order to improve the chemical stability of the sintered bodies, has been also discussed. Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  10. SEM image of glass-ceramics from: (a) ASH2 with Kaolin; (b) ASH2 with PEG Details of sintered ceramics from the ASH2 glass with borosilicate glass: (a) visual appearance; (b) high magnification SEM image Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  11. Conclusions • Selected kinds of Estonian oil shale ash may be employed as the main raw material (being used in an amount exceeding 60%) in the formulation of waste-derived glasses, to be converted into glass-ceramics • Sinter-crystallization, found to be active for the investigated compositions, allowed the obtainment of glass-ceramics by very fast and cost effective firing treatments (temperatures <1000°C, holding time of 30 min, fast heating) • Optimized formulations, in terms of composition and selection of binders, led to strong glass-ceramics with a high reliability (Weibull’s modulus >10) • The chemical stability of the sintered glass-ceramics may be improved by mixing waste-derived glass with recycled borosilicate glass. Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

  12. Thank You! 12 Kuusik-Maragnoni-Bernardo, SVS2015

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