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This document provides an extensive overview of how to calculate race points and penalties for both USSA and FIS events as of the 8/08 update. It details the mathematical methods for determining race points, addresses USSA minimum standards, and outlines steps for calculating penalties according to FIS guidelines. Additionally, it discusses the Z-value and how to resolve penalty ties for both organizations. Whether you're an athlete, coach, or official, this guide will simplify your understanding of race points and penalties.
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