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Sensor presentation

Sensor presentation. Product Scope. A Sensor is a device intended to transmit a signal corresponding to the primary current or voltage to the secondary equipment. Power IT Sensors are typically used in MV switchgears and outdoor switches for measuring, protection and indication.

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Sensor presentation

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  1. Sensor presentation

  2. Product Scope • A Sensor is a device intended to transmit a signal corresponding to the primary current or voltage to the secondary equipment. • PowerIT Sensors are typically used in MV switchgears and outdoor switches for measuring, protection and indication.

  3. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers . . . but not in transformers! Trends in electrical engineering Size Performance Standardisation

  4. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Reason: The properties of material used Saturation Unlinear range Linear range Unlinear range Remedy: Absence of iron

  5. Rogowski coil • First published in1912 by Rogowski and Steinhous • Passive element • Uniformly wound coil with non-magnetic core • Output signal is proportional to the derivate of primary current • IEC 60044-8

  6. Requirements for a Current Sensor • IEC-requirements • Cost effective • Low LCA • Size Rogowski

  7. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Rated primary current (CT)  Ip (log) Ipr=80 A

  8. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Rated primary current range (sensor)  Ip (log) Ipr = 40 A.......80 A................160 A

  9. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Accuracy limit factor (Kalf) c Protection class 10P CS Ip (log) CT Ipr

  10. Voltage Divider Resistive divider • Matched resistor pair • 1:10 000 divider ratio • Accuracy up to class 0.2 Capacitive divider • Zc = 1/C • 1:10 000 divider ratio • Accuracy up to class 3 • Small size ideal for bushings IEC 60044-7

  11. Requirements of a Voltage Sensor • IEC-requirements • Cost effective • Safe • Low LCA • Size Resistive Voltage divider Capacitive Voltage divider

  12. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Linearity Typical error, sensor

  13. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Transmitted signal level Voltage transformer (ku=1,9)Voltage sensor 1,2 - 110 V,25 VA 12 - 1100 mV, 80 mVA At free potential, must be earthed Always earthed in the sensor Secondary losses =I2R Secondary losses negligible Current transformer (Kalf =20)Current sensor 0,25 - 100 A,5 VA7,5 - 3000 mV, 6 mVA At free potential, must be earthed At free potential Secondary losses = I2R Secondary losses negligible

  14. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Short-circuited secondary (VT) Voltage transformerVoltage sensor 250 M Isc Isc 25 k Isc/Acu = 160 A/mm2 Temp.500 C Explosion within 30 s Isc = Inormal

  15. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Open secondary (CT) Current transformerCurrent sensor Isc Uopen 0 - 10 kV Isc/Acu = 40 mA/mm2

  16. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Frequency response rel CT 10 100 1000 10 000 F/Hz VS (Res.) VT CS VS (Cap.)

  17. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Secondary wiring Terminal blocks Instr. transf. Relay Wiring and screw connections Testing of connections Sensor IED Integrated cable and connector

  18. Sensors II, Secondary wiring Shielding Sensor IED S1 S2

  19. Sensors vs. Instrument Transformers Compactness Current transformersCombisensor Voltage transformer Size of active parts Number of cores

  20. Sensor Technology - CT/VT vs. Sensors

  21. Standards for Sensors Sensors from ABB are designed, manufactured and tested according to international standards when applicable. Voltage sensors : IEC 60044-7 (1999-12) n Instrument transformers – n Part 7: Electronic voltage transformers n (2002-07) Current sensors : IEC 60044-8 n Instrument transformers – n Part 8: Electrical current transducers n Combisensors : IEC 60044-3 (1980-01) n Instrument transformers – n Part 3: Combined transformers n

  22. Combi Sensor, type KEVCD_ • Current and voltage sensors in the same block • Measurement and protection by one sensor • Dimensions and primary connections same as DIN-type CTs (DIN 42600) • 12, 17.5, 24 kV, two types: • A. </= 1250 A • B. > 1250 A (max. 3200 A) • Including coupling electrode for voltage indication

  23. Selection Guide for KEVCD Sensors

  24. Sensor Concept

  25. Sensors in use around the world In use in 56 countries More than 20 000 sensors in operation

  26. Sensors in use around the world

  27. Sensors Safety Short delivery time Smart integration

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