Environmental Leadership in the Coming Decades

1. Environmental Leadershipin the Coming Decades Moving to Global Sustainability Presented by: Martha G. Kirkpatrick, Commissioner Maine Department of Environmental Protection October 24, 2002

2. Environmental ProtectionIn the beginning… • Problems are obvious • Citizens demand action • Focus on industry

3. Air Pollution Inputs Waste Water Pollution Final Product Purchasers Waste STAGE I“Industrial”Pre-1970“Take-Make-Waste” -Extractive -Man-Made -Toxic Production Characteristics: I=P x A x T Environmental Costs externalized

4. Air EmissionControls Recycle if Convenient WasteDisposalControls waste Inputs $Tech. Water PollutionControls Final Product Recycle ifConvenient Purchasers Waste STAGE II“Regulatory”1970 - ProductionInnov. -Extractive -Man-Made -Toxic Characteristics -Media-specific -Command & Control -Liability Driven -Adversarial -Environment v. Economy

5. Air Controls Inputs Waste Controls Water Controls Final Product Purchasers Some Recyclingif Convenient Waste STAGE IIIPollution Pre1990 - ion Prevention Innov. Innov. -Extractive -Man-Made Toxic Renewable Recyclable Characteristics -Collaborative -Treat Problems at the Source -Economy + Environment $ savings -Operational, not systemic

6. Inputs P x AT I= “Product” = service Benign Biowaste STAGE IVDesigning Integrated Ecological Business Systems2000 & Beyond PublicInformation $ benign emissions zero waste zero discharge habitat avoidance/ restoration Innovation SystemMimicsNature -Renewable -Recycled -Lowest Impact Changing role of Government -Facilitator /Catalyst -Technology Clearing House -Information Collector - Provider -Set Performance Standards -Enforcement -Societal Values -Corporate Commitment -From Product to Service -Outcome Based -Resource Efficiency -Market Driven -Real Time Data -Power of Individual -Globalization

7. S M A R T P R O D U C T I O N “Climbing the Mountain” Maine Department of Environmental Protection REDUCE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS METRICS UNSUSTAINABLE SUSTAINABLE Product Percent of products produced that are durable, repairable or readily recyclable Top of the Mountain Lease Service People Employee, consumer, community awareness benchmarks Extended Producer Responsibility Life-long Learning, Awareness, Community Harmony Foothills P R O G R E S S Transportation Energy used and emissions generated per unit of work or product shipped Telecommute, Video Conf. Forum for Meaningful Involvement Product Stewardship Valley Management Local Prods./Consumption Hyper Car Mass Transit Environmental Ed. & Training Sell Product Quantitative Assessment of Performance Environment Part of Core Business Values/Strategic Business Planning Car Pool Pathways Access to Information Product Weight  Toxics PRODUCT TO SERVICE Employ tools, EMS, Life-cycle Analysis, etc. Unaware Reduce toxics used, hazardous waste generated, toxics emitted per unit of product Rail, Ocean One-person Car Commuting WORKERS & COMMUNITY Eliminate Toxics Pollution Prevention Truck Shipping Substitute less toxic materials Raw Materials Compliance & Remediation Driven TRANSPORTATION Amount of non-renewable/toxic materials used per unit of product Closed Loop Reduce Volume Minimize Material in Product ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Toxics Used Emissions Maximize Value-Added TOXICS Air emissions per unit of product, Water discharge per unit of product Zero Discharge/ Harmless Emissions Take-Make -Waste INPUTS, RAW MATER- IALS & PRODUCTS Beyond Compliance Waste Toxics and Conventional Emissions Controls Zero Waste Generated/ Create Only Harmless Waste Solid waste/Hazardous waste per unit of product AIR AND WATER EMISSIONS Reduce/Reuse/Recycle Prevent Waste Make Waste Energy SOLID WASTE Total energy used, percent of renewable energy used, and carbon emitted per unit of product Wind Solar Biomass Hydropower Minimize Energy Used Hydrogen Efficient Energy Use Fossil Fuels Coal Oil  Natural Gas ENERGY

8. Maine STEP-UP Program(Smart Tracks for Exceptional Performers and Upward Performers) • Business commits to: • Setting a goal for reducing energy use and/or increasing use of renewable energy resources • Setting goals for two other pathways (from “Climbing the Mountain”) • Consult workers and community • Establish and maintain an environmental management system • Evaluate and publicly report on progress toward goals • Maine DEP provides recognition, technical assistance, networking opportunities and other benefits based on individual agreements

9. Maine STEP-UP Program Bath Iron Works (Builds ships for the US Navy) Highlights of STEP-UP Agreement (next 3 years) • Reduce total energy use by 10% per Aegis Class Destroyer (DDG ship) compared to 2001 levels • Reduce hazardous waste shipped off site by 16% at Bath, 25% at Hardings and 3% at EBMF per DDG ship compared to 2001 levels • Reduce amount of solid waste disposed of by 10% per DDG ship compared to 2001 levels • Explore concept of total lifecycle ownership of ships by BIW

10. The Nature of Environmental Challenges is Changing… • Water – • From large industrial sources and single pipes to --- • “Nonpoint sources” [diffuse runoff from impervious surfaces] • Mercury is the single biggest source of water quality impairment nationwide • -- Mercury comes mostly from air deposition, from emissions from coal plants and the incineration of mercury-containing products • Emerging Problems – • Invasive species • Air – • Large industrial sources to  mobile sources to  vehicle miles traveled (sprawl) • Combustion of household products (mercury; pvc/dioxin) • Global climate change: Industrial CO2 emissions have decreased; residential CO2 emissions are increasing. • Waste – • Cleaning up past messes to reuse/recycle to  life cycle management

11. What does this mean? Traditional regulatory mechanisms don’t often work for newer problems Compliance is important, but it’s not enough. It will take a change in public values. Direct involvement by citizens: • purchasing • investing • energy use Changing role of government: • information provider • public education • clarifying choices and impacts Large, societal, cultural issues, well beyond technological and regulatory solutions. Quality of Life Society Economy Environment

12. 2002: The Changing Landscapetoday’s challenges We have the ability to adopt practices that are more compatible with ecologically, socially and economically sustainable development.

13. As Citizens, What Can We Do? • Be engaged. Ask questions and demand appropriate actions. • Encourage sustainable business through informed purchasing and investment choices. • View personal lifestyle choices from a cumulative impact perspective.

14. Moving Toward a More Sustainable Future requires • Adapting policies, institutions, technologies and lifestyles • Altering deep and enduring attitudes, values and behaviors • Reconciling human affairs with natural laws the choice is ours