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The Physical Examination Cattle

The Physical Examination Cattle. The Clinical Examination. • Patient Data • History • Environment – verify information • General Inspection • Systematic Physical Examination • Detailed Physical Examination. Single Animal VS. Herd. Environment. Nutrition/Diet. Facilities/Management.

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The Physical Examination Cattle

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  1. The Physical ExaminationCattle

  2. The Clinical Examination • Patient Data • History • Environment – verify information • General Inspection • Systematic Physical Examination • Detailed Physical Examination

  3. Single Animal VS. Herd

  4. Environment

  5. Nutrition/Diet

  6. Facilities/Management

  7. Neighbors

  8. Clinical Examination cont. • Differential Diagnosis • Appropriate Lab tests • Diagnosis • Treatment • Client Education

  9. General Inspection • Need light & space • STAND BACK - LOOK - DON”T TOUCH • Observe at rest and critically access

  10. Inspection cont. • General appearance & conformation • Behavior • Facial expression • Eye appearance • Body condition • Skin & hair coat • Respiratory movements • Abdomen • Stance & Posture • Gait

  11. General Appearance • VIEW ALL SIDES • Symmetry muscles/skeleton • Shape • Size - appropriate for age/breed • Compare abdomen & thorax – deviations from normal? – physiological vs. pathological

  12. General cont. • Conformation - breed variations • Abnormalities: – Head: “parrot mouth” – Limbs: “ base wide”, “winged” elbows, “post legged”, cow hocks, sickle hocks

  13. Behaviour • Temperament • Voice • Vices (bad habit) • Facial expression

  14. Ingestive behaviour • Prehension • Mastication • Swallowing • Regurgitation

  15. Eliminative behaviour

  16. Appearance of The Eye Appearance of eye • Bright & shinny vs. dull & cloudy • Position • Discharge • 3rd eyelid

  17. Body Condition Indicates past health, diet, management & production • Relative to breed, age, stage of pregnancy, Lactation. • Be careful with wooly or hairy animals – need to palpate! • Compare to neighbors

  18. Skin & Hair Coat • Indicative of systemic vs. local dz. • Indicates previous health status

  19. Respiratory Movements • Rate – Temperature, excitement, exercise • Rhythm • Depth – Shallow, deep • Type • Symmetrical vs. asymmetrical movements

  20. Abdomen Size – Increased – Decreased • Shape – Unilateral – Bilateral

  21. Abdominal pings • Location • Size • Intensity • Persistency

  22. Stance & Posture • Arched back • Saw-horse • Sternal • Star gazing • Shifting weight • Head & neck extended • Leaning back • Forelimbs wide apart

  23. Gait • Any abnormalities • Musculoskeletal system • Neurological system

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