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Evolution of Settlements: From Domestication to Agriculture

Understanding the process of domestication, agriculture, and settlement from the archaeological record to the emergence of civilizations. Explore the transition from foraging to sedentary lifestyles and the development of agroecology.

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Evolution of Settlements: From Domestication to Agriculture

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  1. Settling down, Building Cities, & Establishing states

  2. Domestication: What is it? • Human _______________________of another species • With the result that _________________________ • Occurred independently in ____________of the globe between ________________________

  3. Domestication: What is it? • Separating sedentism from domestication and agriculture • What is sedentism? • _______________________________________ • Why is this separate from domestication & agriculture?

  4. plant cultivation & Agriculture • Agriculture: • Environments suitable for domesticated species • Agroecology = _____________________which becomes the only environment within which ______________________

  5. Animal domestication In the Archaeological record • 1. Presence of animal species ___________________ • 2. __________________between wild and domesticated populations • Example: ______________ • Larger in ________ relative _______________

  6. Animal domestication In the Archaeological record • 3. Animal population ______________ • Gazelle bones versus sheep & goat bones • 4. _______________ of fossilized remains

  7. Animal domestication In the Archaeological record • 1st animal: ______________ • Evidence from Magdalenian cave site • ___________________-- as old as 16,000yrs (p187) • Very confident date of domestication: _________ • North America & SW Asia

  8. Animal domestication In the Archaeological record What followed? • Sheep Domestication • ______________ago SW Asia • Goat Herding • ______________SW Asia Occurred separately -- Why? ______________________________________

  9. domestication In the Archaeological record • ______________to domestication • ___________________is not present • Not a ______________ for the emergence of __________ • One theory we will consider: • _____________________ • Combined local effect of climate, environment, population, technology, social organization, and/or diet

  10. Natufians • Foragers in ________ • Wild cereals, nuts, & wild game • ___________ _______________ sedentism • 2 dozen villages (~40-150ppl) • 1. • 2.

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