1 / 19

Diabetes

Diabetes. Group 2 Lab 1 Kim Harper, Meggan McLeod, Katherine Farrell, and Carly Lepp Part 1. Definition of Diabetes. “a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin resulting in hyperglycemia (blood glucose over 180 mg/dl).” (ACSM)

raina
Download Presentation

Diabetes

An Image/Link below is provided (as is) to download presentation Download Policy: Content on the Website is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use and may not be sold / licensed / shared on other websites without getting consent from its author. Content is provided to you AS IS for your information and personal use only. Download presentation by click this link. While downloading, if for some reason you are not able to download a presentation, the publisher may have deleted the file from their server. During download, if you can't get a presentation, the file might be deleted by the publisher.

E N D

Presentation Transcript

  1. Diabetes Group 2 Lab 1 Kim Harper, Meggan McLeod, Katherine Farrell, and Carly Lepp Part 1

  2. Definition of Diabetes • “a chronic metabolic disease characterized by an absolute or relative deficiency of insulin resulting in hyperglycemia (blood glucose over 180 mg/dl).” (ACSM) • There are two types of Diabetes. Type 1 and Type 2

  3. Comparison Chart of two types Of Diabetes

  4. Comparison Chart Continued

  5. Contraindications to exercise with Diabetes • blood glucose >240 mg/dl and ketones in urine for type I diabetes and >300mg/dl without ketones for type II. May have loss of protective sensation in feet or foot ulcers and thus should avoid outdoor activities.may have acute illness, infection, or fever.

  6. Complications with Diabetes • Severe kidney disease, 2x as likely as the general population to die of coronary heart disease, leading cause of blindness in adults (diabetic retinopathy), major cause of renal disease, peripheral vascular disease occurs 5x more often, up to 50% of non-traumatic amputations are the result of diabetic neuropathies. Diabetes is also the leading cause of death by disease.

  7. Types of Drugs for Type II Diabetes • Sulfonylureas- Stimulate beta cells of the pancreas to release more insulin. Has been used since the 1950’s. It is taken 1- 2 times daily before meals. An example is chlorpropamide (brand name diabinese). • Meglitinides- Stimulate beta cells of the pancreas to release more insulin. Shouldn’t be mixed with alcohol. Taken 3 times daily at meals. An example is Nateglinide (brand name starlix).

  8. More Types of Drugs of Drugs for Type II Diabetes • Biguanides- Lower blood glucose levels by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver, also by making the muscle tissue more sensitive to insulin so glucose can be absorbed. Taken twice daily. An example is metformin (brand name- Glucphage). • Alpha-Glucosidase inhibitors- Lower blood glucose levels by blocking the break down of starches. Taken with meals. • *** Only Type II Diabetes can use pills.

  9. Exercise with Diabetes • people with diabetes can follow the standard exercise guidelines for frequency, and duration but should maintain heart rates around 40-70% max H.R. (~80-120 bpm) lower for older adults and higher for younger people especially if taking a heart rate altering medication. Also food intake and insulin dosage should be altered prior to exercise and exercise should be done at roughly the same time everyday, preferably in the a.m. to avoid fluctuations in insulin levels. Some suggested aerobic activities are swimming, cycling, and brisk walking. If the diabetes affects the blood pressure anerobic exercises such as weight lifting should be avoided as they increase blood pressure.

  10. Benefits of Exercise with Diabetes • increased insulin sensitivity, increased glucose tolerance, helps combat obesity, can help reverse the resistance to insulin that occurs as a result of diabetes, reduction of risk factors for coronary heart disease (ie. lowers cholesterol). May help to lower blood pressure, enhance quality of life.

  11. Exercise Program Guidelines • always have physician’s approval to exercise, know specific signs and symptoms of an insulin reaction, always have a warm-up and a cool down period, keep an eye on blood glucose levels

  12. Adolescents Aged 14-16 • Lab 3 • Part 2

  13. Physical Developments • Adolescents within this age group are transitioning from being a child to an adult and are in the midst of a growth period • Muscle tissue begins to grow rapidly, more dramatically in boys than in girls • Weight gain occurs and body shape changes – males shoulders widen and become more muscular, girls become “curvier” and experience an increase in overall body fat • Males are at their peak height velocity (PHV), whereas females have already gone through their PHV growth spurt • Development of secondary sex characteristics

  14. How do Physical Changes Affect Adolescents • Teens may be clumsier because of growth spurts. • Teenage girls may become overly sensitive about their weight. This concern arises because of the rapid weight gain associated with puberty. Sixty percent of adolescent girls report that they are trying to lose weight. A small percentage of adolescent girls (1-3%) become so obsessed with their weight that they develop severe eating disorders such as anorexia nervosa or bulimia. Anorexia nervosa refers to starvation; bulimia refers to binge eating and vomiting.

  15. Psychosocial ConstraintsSelf Esteem • Influenced by verbal and non verbal communication • Adolescents compare themselves to their peers • Adolescent females tend to have lower self esteem due to physical changes that occur at puberty – weight gain, change in height, appearance

  16. Psychosocial ConstraintsMotivation • Improve skills and attain goals • Make new friends • Be part of a team • Competition • Fun • Increase fitness • Drop-out begins to occur at this age

  17. Psychosocial ConstraintsAttention Constraints • Very social and vocal • Interact with peers and make new friends • May ignore adult instruction and have shorter attention span if topic of discussion isn’t of interest

  18. LTAD – Training to Train Stage • Males 12-16, Females 11-15 • This developmental stage is the major fitness developmental stage • This stage focuses on improving aerobic fitness and strength • Adolescents within this age group are very competitive and are beginning to specialize in certain sports • Adolescents are introduced to free weights for strength training • This stage integrates mental, cognitive, and emotional development • Important to promote the benefits of physical activity and encourage students of this age group to persist in physical activities and exert effort to improve

  19. References • Getchell, N., Haywood, K.M. (2005). Life Span Motor Development (4th Ed.). Champaign, Il. Edwards Brothers • Albright. (1997). Diabetes. ACSM's exercise management for persons with chronic diseases and disabilities (pp. 94-100) • Long-Term Athlete Development Plan. • National Strength and Conditioning Association. (2004). Diabetes. In R. Earle, & T. Baechle (Eds.), (pp. 512-516)NSCA certification Commission. • Rimmer, J. (1994). Diabetes. Fitness and rehabilitation programs for special populations (pp. 153-178)

More Related