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Understanding Orthographic Drawing Techniques

Orthographic drawing encompasses various techniques such as sectional views, isometric drawings, oblique drawings, planometric drawings, and linear perspective. These techniques provide detailed insights into the interior and exterior of designs, aiding in manufacturing processes and visualization. Through sectional views, hidden details are uncovered, while isometric drawings offer a 3D perspective. Different perspectives like one-point and two-point perspective add depth and realism to drawings. Development of surfaces enables the representation of 3D objects in a flattened layout or pattern, enhancing design comprehension.

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Understanding Orthographic Drawing Techniques

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  1. Drawing Types

  2. Orthographic

  3. Orthographic Must include • Elevation, end elevation and plan • Title views (elevation, end elevation and plan- these MUST be in capital letters. • Dimensions • Third angle projection symbol • Scale • Title box • Hidden detail lines • Centre lines Additions • Sectional View • Enlarged Detail view • Exploded Isometric • Rendered 3D view

  4. Sectional Views

  5. Sectional Views Sectional views are an aspect of orthographic drawing. A designer can use this technique to show the interior of a design. An orthographic drawing of the torch is drawn on the bottom of the previous slide. It is comprised of a front view and a sectional side view. The centre line labelled ‘AA’ on the front view, shows where the ‘cut’ through the torch has been made. Any surfaces that have been cut have ‘hatched’ lines. This sectional view reveals the interior of the torch, making possible for the manufacturer to understand how the torch and its parts go together.

  6. Isometric Isometric drawings are 3D drawings drawn at a 30/60˚ angle.

  7. Oblique Oblique drawings are drawing using a 45° angle. Any sizes that are drawn across the 45° angle are halved.

  8. Planometric A planometric drawing is a type of three dimensional drawing that includes an accurate ‘plan view’ or top view of a single plane, like a floor plan.

  9. 1pt Perspective One point perspective is a drawing method that shows how things appear to get smaller as they get further away, converging towards a single 'vanishing point' on the horizon line.

  10. 2pt Perspective Two point perspective drawing is a type of linear perspective. Linear perspective is a method using lines to create the illusion of space on a 2D surface. ... Each form of linear perspective is named for the number of vanishing points used in the drawing. Therefore, two point perspective uses two vanishing points.

  11. Development

  12. Development Development of surfaces. A development is the unfold / unrolled flat / plane figure of a 3- D object. It is also called a pattern where the plane may show the true size of each area of the object. When the pattern is cut, it can be rolled or folded back into the original object.

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