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The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929

Chapter 28. The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929. Causes of world war 1. Militarism Maintenance of standing armies Inflexible militarization plans Alliances Triple Alliance = Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy Triple Entente = Britain, France, Russia. Causes of World War I. =.

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The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929

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  1. Chapter 28 The Crisis of the Imperial Order, 1900 - 1929

  2. Causes of world war 1

  3. Militarism • Maintenance of standing armies • Inflexible militarization plans • Alliances • Triple Alliance = Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy • Triple Entente = Britain, France, Russia Causes of World War I

  4. =

  5. Nationalism • the belief that one state is naturally superior to all other states • Imperialism • Germany’s desire to expand • Tensions from imperial competition Causes of World War I

  6. Assassination • July 28, 1914, Archduke Franz Ferdinand (of Austria-Hungary) was killed by a Serbian nationalist • Led to A.H. declaring war on Serbia, thus sparking the series of alliances in Europe Causes of World War I

  7. The 1911 Gräf & Stift Bois de Boulogne tourer in which Archduke Franz Ferdinand and his wife were riding at the time of their assassination

  8. GavriloPrincip captured in Sarajevo 1914

  9. The “Great War” 1914 - 1918

  10. Germany instigated the war by invading neutral Belgium, then France • Schlieffen Plan • Failed as a result of the Western Front • Trench warfare led to a four-year stalemate between Germany & France Start of World War I

  11. Schlieffen Plan Reading & Analysis Group pause

  12. Trench Warfare

  13. Trench Life Reading. How many people do you think died of diseases as opposed to combat wounds? Group pause

  14. Changes in warfare • Machine guns & poison gas • Trench warfare created a battle of attrition • Massive casualty rates • Heroic notion of war disappeared World war I Warfare

  15. Briefly summarize the 5 battles. 3 sentences tops! Group pause

  16. “Total War” • Mobilization of all of a state’s resources for the purpose of waging war • Civilians involved in the war effort • Women entered positions previously reserved for men • Governments controlled industry • Rationing • Colonial subjects served alongside their home countries • Ex. ANZAC troops • Propaganda was used to reinforce evilness of enemy The homefront

  17. In the early years, US provided loans to allies • 1917, US drawn into the war • Germany’s declaration of unrestricted submarine warfare • The Zimmerman Telegram • US provided Allies with supplies & fresh troops • November, 1918, Germany signed an armistice with Allied forces WORLD WAR I

  18. The Effects of World WAR I

  19. 1918, Treaty of Versailles • War guilt clause blamed Germanyfor the war • Germany forced to pay reparations ($33 billion) • Germany lost its colonies • Alsace & Lorraine returned to France • Germany’s military power limited THE PEACE SETTLEMENTS

  20. League of Nations • International organization for the promotion of peace • Created by U.S. President Woodrow Wilson • Ironically, the U.S. refused to join (they had become isolationists) • Dealt with global communications, health & labor regulations THE PEACE TREATIES

  21. Austria-Hungary split up Russia lost many territories 1918 Flu Pandemic Anticolonial movements in Europe’s territories grew Middle Eastern Mandate System Other impacts of the war

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