Introduction to Beef

1. Introduction to Beef

2. Youtube; Beef Commercial

3. Essential Question • What is a breed?

4. What is a breed? • The classic definition of a breed is: animals that, through selection and breeding, have come to resemble one another and pass their traits uniformly to their offspring

5. Important Terms to Know A Mature Male is called a: Bull A Mature Female is called a: Cow The act of Giving Birth is called: Calving Gestation = 283 days A Castrated Male is called a: Steer An Immature Female is called a: Heifer

6. Group Discussion Discuss in your small group and write down what you think a trait is. What traits do you think are important in identifying cattle breeds?

7. What is the actual definition? After your in-depth discussion on traits, compare your ideas with the actual definition:A Trait is: a distinguishing characteristic within a specific breed of cattle

8. Classification and Identification of Beef Cattle Breeds

9. OBJECTIVES To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into Bos Taurus or Bos Indicus . To be able to Classify Beef Cattle Breeds into British, European. To be able to Determine or Give the Make up of Certain Composite Breeds. To Give the Attributes of Specific Breeds.

10. Classification Why do we Need It We classify everything. Example Automobiles We Break them down into Cars and Trucks, How can we break them down even further.

11. Classification Of Automobiles

12. CLASSIFICATION OF BEEF CATTLE

13. PUREBRED Recognized family line of an animal Unmixed Parents are standards of the breed Eligible for registration in a breed association

14. CROSSBREEDING Definition: Mating of 2 purebred animals to form a cross. Crossbreeding is used to emphasize, extract, and design desired traits or characteristics that are reflected in the offspring. The offspring of crossbreeding, is known as a crossbred.

15. Popular BRITISH BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE Hereford Black Angus Shorthorn

16. Popular EUROPEAN BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE Simmental Charolais

17. Popular ZEBU BREEDS OF BEEF CATTLE Grey Brahman

18. BOS TAURUS BEEF BREEDS BRITISH / EUROPEAN

19. Hereford • Originated in England • Red with white points • Horned usually • Known for pink eye Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

20. Black Angus • Native to Angus (near Scotland) • Most popular beef breed in the US • Always black in color • Can produce Red Angus • Known for Marbling Ability Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

21. Shorthorn • Originated in England • White to red in color • Roane Color, very popular for show heifers. Bos Taurus / British Breed Classification

22. Simmental • First recorded in Switzerland • Large body mass • Light red to dark red with white points • Known for Maternal Characteristics Bos Taurus / European Breed Classification

24. BOS INDICUS BEEF BREEDS ZEBU

25. Brahman • Developed in the United States • Breeds from India used • Light gray or red to black • Known for Mothering Ability Bos Indicus Classification

26. Activity Design your own breed! Complete your worksheet with designing your own beef cattle breed Complete Beef Crossword Puzzle when finished

27. Beef Crossword

28. Review Of Beef Cattle Classification Cattle are Classified into Two Groups The Bos Taurus Classification includes what two Groups? What are some Breeds Attributes?

29. Beef Anatomy

30. Warm Up • A cows horns are called : • A Cow, A Chicken, A Horse and A Dog all have THIS anatomical part in common. What is it?

31. Objectives Review basic cattle anatomy both gross and digestive Identify location of cuts of meat on a beef animal

32. Essential Question Name 4 different cuts of meat you can find in the grocery store.

33. Review: Remember Dairy Anatomy?

34. Rumen • Largest of 4 compartments • Its Job :FERMENTATION • Continuous mixing and moving • Anaerobic environment/Diverse bacterial pop. • Breaks down fibrous feed in volatile fatty acids • Papillae lining • Nonfunctional at birth , shunted off

35. Reticulum • Feed boluses come from here • Honeycomb appearance • Its Job : REGURGITATION • Regurgitation from rumen to mouth • Expulsion to omasum • Fermentation gases

36. . Omasum • Many folds • Its Job: REDUCE • Reduces particle size • Absorb some water, minerals Why would you reduce particle size?

37. . Abomasum • “True Stomach” • Glandular , meaning it secretes • Does your stomach excrete anything? Why ? • Its Job: DIGESTION • Begin digestion here • Feed leaves abomasum and enters the small intestine where further digestion takes place • Feed leaving abomasum is high in water content • Why do you think this happens?

38. How does this all work? http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iU4UbaQMNig

39. Beef Meat • The meat from mature bovines that are generally over 12 months of age • Remember that Bovine = Cow!!

40. Cuts of Meat

41. In Your Freezer Chuck Brisket Ribs Sirloin Joint

42. Food Safety in the Beef Industry FDA: Monitors use of animal drugs by the livestock industry FSIS: Inspects livestock and carcasses for meat safety

43. Beef Meat Project You will be assigned a cut of beef. Find a recipe on the internet that uses the cut of meat you were assigned. OR Find a Product for purchase that contains your cut of meat. Be sure to include what type of meat it is ( Angus etc) and the company that makes the product and its relative price.

44. Vocabulary Sheet • Put your name and the date on the top. • Define the following words: • Brisket, Tenderloin, Chuck Turn in when finished. Due at the end of class. Free time after you’re finished .

45. Beef Industry

46. Objectives Identify levels of beef industry and their purpose Produce the correct chain of events beef cattle follow from farm to factory.

47. Essential Question What is the end goal when feeding and caring for cattle? How to farmers achieve this goal?

48. Cuts of Meat Review

49. The Beef Industry The average size beef herd is around 100 head.

50. The beef industry In the US there are over forty different breeds as well as many crosses of these breeds.