JSC History Week3 Part 1 Oct The New Capital Kyoto

1. JSC History Week3 Part 1OctThe New Capital Kyoto Doyoung Park Osaka Gakuin University

2. Last Session Review • Yamataikoku and misterious queen Himiko • First powerful kingdom In history • The Yamato State • Nara, the capital of the state • Advanced culture and institutions • Relationships with foreign countries • Buddhism and Confucianism • Charismatic regent, the prince Shotoku • 17 Articles Constitutions • Used the name of Nihon

3. Time Line • Yamataikoku 3C • Yamato State 7C • Nara Period 710-794 • Heian Period 794-1185

4. Heian Period • 794-1185 • Relocated the capital from Nara to Kyoto

5. Moved the capital from Nara to Kyoto in 784 For political reasons Several theories Out of the influence of powerful Buddhist cleargies and temples in Nara Heian-kyo(平安京) The beginning of the Heian period Imitated the Chinese capital Luoyang New Capital Kyoto

6. Luoyang • One of the most prosperous capital of Chinese dynasties、9 dynasties including T’ang

7. Kyoto Master Plan and Luoyang

8. Finding Japaneseness • Established Japanese unique style different from Chinese

9. Kyoto and Buddhism • Over 1600 temples in modern Kyoto • Buddhism, the most powerful religious tradition in Japan

10. The New Capital Kyoto • Have you ever been in Kyoto? • What do you think of it?

11. Kyoto, Yokoso Japan

12. Kyoto, the Heart of Japan

13. Kyoto Banzai!

14. au CM

15. Kyoto in 1994 • 1200th anniversary as the capital • 17 World’s Cultural Heritages in Kyoto, registered in 1994 • JR Tokai launched tourism campaign from 1993

16. そうだ京都行こう 2009 Fall

17. 禅 Peaceful Mind Meditation Rest Mystery Image Making

18. Is Traditions Real? For Tourism Marketing

19. How to Eat Sushi

20. Invention of Tradition Replacement Ceremony of Royal Guards, Korea

21. 5min Break

22. People in Kyoto • Imperial family and nobles • Extremely luxurious life • Complicated relationship between nobles and the imperial court

23. Super Idol Genji • The Tale of Genji(源氏物語) • Murasakishikibu(紫式部)

24. The Tale of Genji • Hikaru Genji(光源氏） was the second son of a certain ancient emperor and a low-ranking concubine, Lady Kiritsubo • Incredibly handsome guy

25. The Tale of Genji • His mother dies when Genji is three years old, and the Emperor cannot forget her. • The Emperor then hears of a woman ("Lady Fujitsubo"), formerly a princess of the preceding emperor, who resembles his deceased concubine, and later she becomes one of his wives. • Genji loves her first as a stepmother, but later as a woman.

26. Thousand Years Love

27. The Tale of Genji • They fall in love with each other, but it is forbidden. • Genji is frustrated because of his forbidden love to the Lady Fujitsubo and is on bad terms with his wife Aoi no Ue. • He also engages in a series of unfulfilling love affairs with other women.

28. The Tale of Genji • In one case, he sees a beautiful young woman through an open window, enters her room without permission, and forces her to have sex with him. • Recognizing him as a man of unchallengeable power, she makes no resistance, saying only that "Someone might hear us". He retorts, "I can go anywhere and do anything.“

29. The Tale of Genji • Genji visits Kitayama, the northern rural hilly area of Kyoto, where he finds a beautiful ten-year-old girl. • He is fascinated by this little girl ("Murasaki"), and discovers that she is a niece of the Lady Fujitsubo. • Finally he kidnaps her, brings her to his own palace and educates her to be his ideal lady; like the Lady Fujitsubo.

30. The Tale of Genji • During this time Genji also meets the Lady Fujitsubo secretly, and she bears his son. • Everyone except the two lovers believes the father of the child is the Emperor. Later, the boy becomes the Crown Prince and Lady Fujitsubo becomes the Empress. • Genji and Lady Fujitsubo swear to keep their secret

31. The Tale of Genji • Genji and his wife Lady Aoi reconcile and she gives birth to a son, but she dies soon after. • Genji is sorrowful, but finds consolation in Murasaki, whom he marries. • Genji's father, the Emperor, dies; and his political enemies, the Minister of the Right and the new Emperor's mother ("Kokiden") take power in the court.

32. The Tale of Genji • Then another of Genji's secret love affairs is exposed: Genji and a concubine of his brother, the Emperor Suzaku, are discovered when they meet in secret. • Genji is thus exiled to the town of Suma in rural Harima province (now part of Kobe in Hyogo Prefecture).

33. The Tale of Genji • There, a prosperous man from Akashi in Settsu province entertains Genji • Genji has a love affair with Akashi's daughter. She gives birth to a daughter. Genji's sole daughter later becomes the Empress

34. The Tale of Genji • In the Capital, the Emperor is troubled by dreams of his late father and something begins to affect his eyes. Meanwhile, his mother grows ill, which weakens her powerful sway over the throne. • Thus the Emperor orders Genji pardoned, and he returns to Kyoto. His son by Lady Fujitsubo becomes the emperor and Genji finishes his imperial career. • The new Emperor Reizei knows Genji is his real father, and raises Genji's rank to the highest possible.

35. The Tale of Genji • However, when Genji turns 40 years old, his life begins to decline. His political status does not change, but his love and emotional life are slowly damaged. • He marries another wife. She bears the son of Genji's nephew later. • Genji's new marriage changes the relationship between him and Murasaki, who now wishes to become a nun

36. Impact of the Tale of Genji • Impact on the Japanese literature • First modern and psychological novel • Japanese Beauty • Still popular in Japanese culture

37. Genji and Culture

38. Genji and Culture

39. Genji and Culture

40. Genji and Culture

41. Genji and Culture

42. Tale of Genji from Historical Perspective • Luxurious life of noble class • Morality free from Confucian ethics • Noble influence on the imperial court