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Cryptographic Power Consumption Analysis and Security

Explore methods, countermeasures, and impacts of power consumption analysis in securing cryptosystems against side channel attacks. Learn about chip consumption, XOR gate usage, elliptic curve cryptosystems, and ternary techniques.

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Cryptographic Power Consumption Analysis and Security

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  1. Power Consumption Analysis and Cryptography S. Agagliate Canal+Technologies P. Guillot Canal+Technologies O. Orcières Thalès Communications Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  2. The Problem • A secret is hidden into a chip • Ex: Digital Signature… • How to find the secret? • Which protection against these attacks? Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  3. Side Channel Attacks • Use leak of information • Power consumption • Electromagnetic radiation • Fault provocation • Computation time Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  4. Chip consumption 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  5. XOR gate consumption x + Known bit XOR Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  6. Methods • SPA = Simple Power Analysis • DPA = Differential Power Analysis • … Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  7. Counter measures • Hardware • Timer • Bus encryption • … • Software • Algorithms • Constant timing • Random Execution Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  8. P2 P1 P3=P1+P2 Elliptic Curve Cryptosystems • For digital signature • Use the computation of Q=k.P k=private key P=data • Advantages • small key, small signature size • high security Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  9. Random Execution • Variables blinding • private keyk • base pointP • Randomization of computation algorithm Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  10. Ternary techniques: optimisation ki  { -1, 0, 1 } Q := 0 for i:=max down to 0 Q:=2Q if ki=1 then Q:=Q+P if ki=-1 then Q:=Q-P Result Q=k.P 1111 = 1000-1 -11 = 0-1 111101111 = 1000-1000-1 Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  11. Binary transducer  ternary 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 : 0 1 0 : 0 1 : 1 0 0 : -1 0 0 1 : 0 3 2 1 : 0 -1 -1 0 -1 Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  12. Sub-optimal alternate automaton 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 : 0 1 0 : 0 1 : 1 0 0 : -1 1 : 0 2 -1 Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  13. Randomized automaton 0 0 1 0 : 1 -1 / 1 - p 1 0 1 0 : 0 1 / p 0 : 0 1 : 1 0 0 : -1 0 0 : -1 / 1 - q 1 : 0 0 / q 3 2 1 : 0 –1 / r -1 0 -1 1 : -11 / 1 -r Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  14. Performances 300 Key size 160 Loss / first automaton 10,7% 10,6% Gain / previous work without DPA countermeasures 2,1% 2,2% Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

  15. Conclusion • Power Analysis can reveal secrets • Solution: to interfere with power consumption • Ex: random execution • Cost : computation speed, memory… Sandrine AGAGLIATE, FTFC 2003

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