Various ways in the prevention of fatal Fever of unknown origin – Pubrica

1. VARIOUS WAYS IN THE PREVENTIONOF FATAL FEVER OF UNKNOWNORIGIN An Academic presentationby Dr. Nancy Agens, Head, Technical Operations, Pubrica Group: www.pubrica.com Email:sales@pubrica.com

2. Today'sDiscussion Outline ofTopics Inbrief Introduction Personal Preventions Societal Preventions Myth buster Conclusion

3. InBrief Fever is one of the most commonly seen symptoms inpatients. The diagnostic strategy of patients with Fever is well established even with the Fever of unknown origin. Petersdorf and Beeson initially defined Fever of unknown origin (pyrexia) in 1961 as body temperature higher than 38.3oC on several occasions, accompanied by more than three weeks of illness and failure to reach a diagnosis after one week of inpatientinvestigation.

4. Introduction In medical service, it remains one of the most difficult diagnosticchallenges. It may arise due to many reasons, e.g., infections, inflammatory/rheumatic,malignant or neoplastic invasions, and miscellaneousdisorders. It may also occur in organ transplants and immunodeficiency disorders. Contagious Fever is caused by bacteria, viruses or any other infection. Majority of the times, Fever of unknown origin is infectious by nature, followedby neoplastic and rheumaticcauses. Contd..

5. Fig 1: Prevention of fever of unknown origin

6. PersonalPreventions Make sure vaccinations are up to date. While travelling, check for additional vaccinations ifrequired. Stay insidehome. Hands should be regularly washed with soap and water for atleast 20 seconds, especially after using the washroom, before eating, and after blowing the nose, coughing or sneezing, before and after cooking, after handling animal or animalwastes. Use alcohol-based hand sanitizer with atleast 60% alcohol, post handwash. Cover oneself when someone sneezes or coughs while inproximity. Avoid touching eyes, nose andmouth. Contd..

7. Use personal protective equipment like face masks, gloves. Dispose of them immediately afteruse. Do not share personal items like toothbrush, comb or razorblade. Disinfect infection-prone areas in your house like kitchen and bathroom, as they harbour high concentrations of bacteria and infectiousagents. Maintain atleast 1 metre (3 feet) distance between yourself and anyone who is coughing orsneezing. Seek medical help early if you get mild symptoms like Fever, cough, difficultbreathing.

8. SocietalPreventions People should be quarantined inside their home byauthorities. Schools and public offices need to close at the time of transmission. Avoid face to face meetings, instead telephonicconversations. Any Fever should be reported immediately to the nearest healthcarecentre. Illegal trade of wild animals and poultry products need to bebanned. People travelling from one place to another should be quarantined approximately for two weeks in case of spread of unknownFever

9. Mythbuster Antibiotics do not work against viruses, but onlybacteria. Spraying of alcohol or chlorine does not kill the infective biological agent that has already entered the humanbody. UV sterilization was not advisable for hand, as they cause irritation. Hand dryers are not effective in killing infectiveagents. In Clinical Research, older people with pre-existing medical conditions are more vulnerable to contracting theillness.

10. Conclusion Overall, public health laws can help in medical,control the spread of Fever of unknownorigin. Preventive measures like screening, education, counselling and other strategies help in minimizing the spread ofFever. The balance between the public’s health and private rights of citizens transparently and ethically should be maintained to overcome the spread of Fever of unknownorigin.

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