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Dangerous goods awareness. This work has been produced by DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd This Learner’s Tool is about the skills and knowledge required to load vehicles at warehousing facilities of DGL (Aust). Before you get started.
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Dangerous goods awareness This work has been produced by DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd This Learner’s Tool is about the skills and knowledge required to load vehicles at warehousing facilities of DGL (Aust)
Before you get started • It is important that you complete all sections in this learning tool as it has been designed so that • You can abide by the procedures of our organization. • You can apply what you have learnt in this package in your day to day activities • This Learning Tool is designed to be relevant only to DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd employees and only applied whilst employed with DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd • You may have already acquired knowledge in the area identified in this package as you may have completed some specialized training. Or you may have been working within the industry for some time. Should you identify any improvement opportunities in the information contained in this package or have difficulties completing the package please contact National Training and Compliance Manager DGL (Aust) Pty Ltd PO BOX 1594 EAGLE FARM QLD 4009 Ph 07 3868 1001 Fax 07 3868 1055
Key Terms Packaged Dangerous Goods Dangerous goods are packaged dangerous goods if: (a) they are dangerous goods of division 2 in a container with a capacity of not more than 500 litres; or (b) they are dangerous goods of another division and (i) a container with a capacity of less than/ equal to 500 litres; and (ii) a container with a net mass of less than/ equal to 500 kilograms. Dangerous goods in large packages Dangerous goods in large packages are dangerous goods that are not packaged dangerous goods.
Key Terms continued Placard Load
Dangerous Goods Divisions Dangerous Goods are allocated to different groupings due to there different characteristics the following slides summaries the key points for each division the label required and there compatibility with other divisions
Division 1 – Explosives Division 1 comprises: Explosive substances (other than substances that are not explosives but that can form an explosive atmosphere of gas, vapor or dust), except those that are too dangerous to transport or those where the predominant hazard is appropriate to another division; and Explosive articles, except devices containing explosive substances in such quantity or of such a character that their inadvertent or accidental ignition or initiation during transport will not cause any effect external to the device either by projection, fire, smoke, heat or loud noise; and Substances and articles not mentioned under (a) and (b) that are manufactured with a view to producing a practical, explosive or explosion is one that affects almost the entire load virtually instantaneously. Dangerous goods of division 1 (Explosive) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 2 - division 3 - division 4 - division 5 - division 6 - division 7 - division 8 - division 9 - Fire risk substances
Division 2 – Gases Division 2 comprises: Compressed gas – a gas (other than in solution) that when packaged under pressure for transport is entirely gaseous at 20°C; and Liquefied gas – a gas that when packaged for transport is partially liquid at 20°C; and Refrigerated liquefied gas – a gas that when packaged for transport is made partially liquid because of its low temperature; and Gas in solution – compressed gas that when packaged for transport is dissolved in a solvent; and Mixtures of one or more gases with one or more vapors of substances of other divisiones; and articles charged with a gas; and tellurium hexafluoride; and aerosols. Dangerous goods of division 2.1 (Flammable Gas), or with a Subsidiary Risk of 2.1, are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 3, if both the division 2.1 and division 3 dangerous goods are in bulk - division 4 - division 5 - division 7 Dangerous goods of division 2.2 (Non Flammable Non Toxic Gas) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 4.2 - division 5.2
Division 3 – Flammable liquids Division 3 comprises: Flammable liquids are liquids, or mixtures of liquids, or liquids containing solids in solution or suspension (for example, paints, varnishes, lacquers, etc., but not including substances otherwise on account of their dangerous characteristics) that give off a flammable vapor at temperatures of not more than 60.5°C, closed-cup test, or not more than 65.6°C, open-cup test, normally referred to as the flash point. Liquids meeting the above criteria with a flash point of more than 35°C that do not sustain combustion are not flammable liquids for the purposes of the ADG Code. Flammable liquids also include: Liquids offered for transport at temperatures at or above their flash point; and substances that are transported or offered for transport at elevated temperatures in a liquid state and that give off a flammable vapor at a temperature at or below the maximum transport temperature. Dangerous goods of division 3 (Flammable Liquid) are incompatible in a placard load with Any of the following: • division 1 • division 2.1, if both the division 3 and division 2.1 dangerous goods are in bulk • division 2.3 • division 4.2 • division 5 • division 6, if the division 3 dangerous goods are nitromethane • division 7
Division 4.1 – Flammable Solids Division 4.1 – flammable solids comprises: Solids that, under conditions encountered in transport, are readily combustible or may cause or contribute to fire through friction; Self-reactive and related substances that are liable to undergo a strongly exothermic reaction; and Desensitized explosives that may explode if not diluted sufficiently. Dangerous goods of division 4.1 (Flammable Solid) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2.1 - division 4.2 - division 5 - division 7
Division 4.2 – Flammable Solids Division 4.2 – Substances liable to spontaneous combustion comprises Substances that are liable to spontaneous heating under normal conditions encountered in transport; or to heating up in contact with air, and being then liable to catch fire. Dangerous goods of division 4.2 (Spontaneously Combustible) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2 - division 3 - division 4.1 - division 5 - division 7
Division 4.3 – Flammable Solids Division 4.3 – substances that in contact with water emit flammable gases comprises Substances that, by interaction with water, are liable to become spontaneously flammable or to give off flammable gases in dangerous quantities. Dangerous goods of division 4.3 (Dangerous When Wet) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2.1 - division 5 - division 7 - division 8
Division 5.1 – Oxidizing Agents Division 5.1—Oxidizing substances comprises Substances that, while in themselves not necessarily combustible, may, generally by yielding oxygen, cause, or contribute to,the combustion of other material. Dangerous goods of division 5.1 (Oxidising Agent) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2.1 - division 2.3 - division 3 - division 4 - division 5.2 - division 7 - division 8 - Fire risk substances - Combustible liquids
Division 5.2 – Organic Peroxides Division 5.2 – organic peroxides comprises Organic substances that contain the bivalent -0-0- structure and may be considered derivatives of hydrogen peroxide, where one or both of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by organic radicals. Organic peroxides are thermally unstable substances, that may undergo exothermic self-accelerating decomposition. In addition, they may have one or more of the following properties: (i) be liable to explosive decomposition; (ii) to burn rapidly; (iii) to be sensitive to impact or friction; (iv) to react dangerously with other substances; or (v) to cause damage to the eyes. Dangerous goods of division 5.2 (Organic Peroxide) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2 - division 3 - division 4 - division 5.1 - division 7 - division 8 - Fire risk substances - Combustible liquids
Division 6.1 – Toxic Substances Division 6.1 Toxic substances comprises Substances liable either to cause death or serious injury or to harm human health if swallowed or inhaled or by skin contact. Dangerous goods of division 6.1 are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 3, if the division 3 dangerous goods are nitromethane - division 8, if the division 6 dangerous goods are cyanides and the division 8 dangerous goods are acids; and are incompatible with food and food packaging in any quantity.
Division 6.2 – Infectious Substances Division 6.2 – Infectious Substances comprises Substances known or reasonably expected to contain Pathogens. Pathogens are defined as micro-organisms (including bacteria, viruses, rickettsjae, parasites and fungi) or recombinant micro-organisms (hybrid or mutant) that are known or reasonably expected to cause infectious disease in animals or humans. However, infectious substances are not subject to the regulations and this Code as dangerous goods of division 6.2 if they are unlikely to cause human or animal disease. Infectious substances are subject to the regulations and this Code as dangerous goods of division 6.2 if they are capable of spreading disease when exposure to them occurs. Dangerous goods of division 6.2 are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 3, if the division 3 dangerous goods are nitromethane - division 8, if the division 6 dangerous goods are cyanides and the division 8 dangerous goods are acids; and are incompatible with food and food packaging in any quantity.
Division 7 – Radioactive Material Division 7—Radioactive material Radioactive material is defined as any material for which the specific activity is greater than 70 kBq/kg (0.002 mCi/g). In this context, specific activity means the activity per unit mass of a radionuclide or, for a material in which the radionuclide is essentially uniformly distributed, the activity per unit mass of the material. Dangerous goods of division 7 (Radioactive) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 2.1 - division 3 - division 4 - division 5 - division 8 - Food and food packaging [NOTE: See also the Code of Practice for the Safe Transport of Radioactive Substances]
Division 8 – Corrosive Division 8—Corrosive substances Corrosive substances are substances that, by chemical action, will cause severe Damage when in contact with living tissue, or, in the case of leakage, will materially damage, or even destroy, other goods or the means of transport; they may also cause other hazards. Dangerous goods of division 8 (Corrosive) are incompatible in a placard load with any of the following: - division 1 - division 4.3 - division 5 - division 6, if the division 6 dangerous goods are cyanides and the division 8 dangerous goods are acids - division 7; - division 8 when dangerous goods are acid and an alkyl - and are incompatible with food and food packaging in any quantity.
Division 9 – Miscellaneous Division 9—Miscellaneous dangerous goods and articles This division comprises substances and articles that during transport present a danger not covered by other divisiones, and includes substances that are transported or offered for transport at temperatures equal to or exceeding 100°C in a liquid state or at temperatures equal to or exceeding 240°C in a solid state. Dangerous goods of division 9 (Miscellaneous Dangerous Goods) are incompatible in a placard load with dangerous goods of division 1.
Combustible Liquids Combustible liquids are taken to be dangerous goods of division 3 if: The combustible liquids are transported in a large package container or a tank which is part of a vehicle; and The combustible liquids are transported on the same vehicle with: (i) dangerous goods of division 3 in bulk; or (ii) packaged dangerous goods of division 3 in an aggregate quantity of more than 1000L.
Assignment to Packing Groups Dangerous goods (other than division 1, 2, 6.2 and 7) are assigned to Packing Groups, according to the degree of risk the goods present during transport: Great danger Packing Group I Medium danger Packing Group II Minor danger Packing Group III A determination about assignment to a Packing Group will depend on the division and the Subsidiary Risks of the goods and on the nature of the physical hazard presented by the goods. Where dangerous goods present multiple hazards, they are assigned to the Packing Group appropriate to the most severe of the hazards presented by the goods.
Segregation and Stowage of Dangerous goods on Vehicles Dangerous goods must not be transported on the same vehicle with incompatible goods unless the dangerous goods and the incompatible goods are segregated Meaning of “incompatibility” Goods are incompatible with dangerous goods of a particular type if the goods are likely to interact with dangerous goods of that type so as to increase risk when mixed or otherwise brought into contact with the dangerous goods.are, in fact, compatible.
Segregation of dangerous goods of Packing Group I. Dangerous goods of Packing Group I may only be transported on a vehicle carrying incompatible goods if the dangerous goods of Packing Group I are contained in a packaging for segregation that: Has been approved for that purpose by a Competent Authority; and Has three levels of containment, comprising: (i) an inner packaging; and (ii) a metal or rigid plastics intermediate packaging; and (iii) an outer packaging; and If inert absorbent material is required, that has that material contained inside the intermediate packaging; and Has been tested in accordance with Division 3.7 of the ADG Code to the standard required for dangerous goods of Packing Group I; and Is marked with the words “Approved Packaging for Segregation: PG I”.
Segregation of dangerous goods of Packing Group II and III Dangerous goods of Packing Group II or III may only be transported on a vehicle carrying incompatible goods if they are segregated The dangerous goods are packaged in a packaging for segregation that: (i) has been approved for that purpose by a Competent Authority; and (ii) has three levels of containment, comprising an inner packaging; a leak proof intermediate packaging; and an outer packaging; and (iii) has been tested in accordance with Division 3.7 of this Code to the standard required for dangerous goods of Packing Group I; and (iv) is marked with the words “Approved Packaging for Segregation”; or
Using a segregation device If a segregation device is used in the transport of dangerous goods on a vehicle, or in a freight container on a vehicle: (a) each package stowed in the segregation device must be an UN approved package (b) each package must be secured in the segregation device so that it will remain in position during transport; and (c) the segregation device must be secured on the vehicle or in the freight container (as the case may be) so that it will remain in position during transport; and (d) all other goods on the vehicle or in the freight container must be stowed on a pallet or raised clear of the floor of the vehicle or container (as the case may be) by at least 100 millimeters; and (e) incompatible goods must not be stowed on top of dangerous goods; and (f) dangerous goods must not be stowed on top of incompatible goods; and (g) a division label for the goods must be displayed on each side of the segregation device and, except where the device is an overpacking drum, the label must be at least 250 millimeters square; and (h) a subsidiary risk label, if applicable, must be displayed on each side of the segregation device and, except where the device is an overpacking drum, the label must be at least 250 millimeters square; and (i) in the case of an overpacking drum, the drum must be closed with its approved lid or closure and must be marked with two division labels and subsidiary risk labels (where required) for the goods contained in the drum; and (j) in the case of an overpacking drum, division labels and subsidiary risk labels (where required) must be at least 100 millimeters square;
Stowage of packaged dangerous goods If packaged dangerous goods are transported in or on a vehicle or freight container: (a) each package must be stowed so as to prevent damage to other packages; and (b) other articles on the vehicle must be stowed so as to prevent damage to the packages; and (c) if a package bears a marking which indicates that a particular side of the package must face upwards—the side must face upwards; and (d) if the package is fitted with a vented closure, it must be stowed with the closure uppermost; and (e) if the package contains dangerous goods of a kind that may lead to the formation of flammable, toxic or other harmful atmospheres—the package must be stowed so that no harmful atmosphere will accumulate in the cabin if the package leaks; and (f) if the nature of dangerous goods or their packaging requires it, the packages must be kept dry or cool; and (g) if the package is stowed on a pallet, the pallet must be of sound construction and free of projections.
Stowage of packaged dangerous goods If packaged dangerous goods are transported on a vehicle with an open tray or platform: (a) each package must be stowed and secured within rigid sides or gates; and (b) if packages are stowed in layers, no package in the uppermost layer of packages on the vehicle may protrude above the sides or gates by more than 30% of the height of the package; and (c) no package may protrude beyond the sides or gates. Packages must be stowed and secured in or on a road vehicle in accordance with the Load Restraint Guide.
Special requirements for stowing self-reactive and related substances and organic peroxides Self-reactive and related substances and organic peroxides transported in a freight container, unit load or enclosed vehicle must be stowed in a manner that does not create an explosion hazard. In considering whether a self-reactive or related substance or organic peroxide has been stowed in a manner that is likely to create an explosion hazard, the following factors are relevant: (a) the quantity of the dangerous goods; and (b) the type of package used; and (c) the number of packages; and (d) the manner in which packages are stowed.
Standard marking for a packaged dangerous goods A standard marking for a packaged dangerous goods includes: The proper shipping name of each type of dangerous goods in the package; and The UN Number for each type of dangerous goods in the package, prefaced with either “UN” or “UN No.”; and A division label for each division of dangerous goods in the package; and At least one each of any subsidiary risk label that is applicable to the goods in the package and that is not the same as any division label applicable to the goods in the package; and The name and address in Australia of the manufacturer or consignor of the dangerous goods, or their agent. Where practicable, a marking on a package should be placed in a position in which it will be visible if the package is stacked with other packages in the normal way. Where a package must be marked with more than one label, the labels should be placed in positions adjacent to one another on the same face of the package
Division label and lettering sizes For packaged dangerous goods A standard marking for a package, when specified in a flow chart for a package, is a marking that includes: (a) the proper shipping name of each type of dangerous goods in the package; and (b) the UN Number for each type of dangerous goods in the package, prefaced with either “UN” or “UN No.”; and (c) a division label for each division of dangerous goods in the package; and (d) at least one each of any subsidiary risk label that is applicable to the goods in the package and that is not the same as any division label applicable to the goods in the package; and (e) the name and address in Australia of the manufacturer or consignor of the dangerous goods, or their agent. Where practicable, a marking on a package should be placed in a position in which it will be visible if the package is stacked with other packages in the normal way. Where a package must be marked with more than one label, the labels should be placed in positions adjacent to one another on the same face of the package
Labeling of large Dangerous Goods packages An Emergency Information Panel EIP is a placard that is substantially of the format and design of the one shown on this slide. And is required on all packages that carry dangerous goods in large package It includes the following particulars: Tthe proper shipping name for the dangerous goods being transported in bulk; The UN Number for the dangerous goods; and The Hazchem Code assigned to the dangerous goods; (If the dangerous goods are environmentally hazardous substances (UN3077 and UN3082)—the expression “CONTAIN SPILLAGE”) The expression “IN EMERGENCY DIAL 000, POLICE or FIRE BRIGADE”; and The division label for the dangerous goods and any subsidiary risk label or labels applicable to the dangerous goods; and The name of an organisation responsible for providing the telephone advisory service, and a telephone number of the service, including (STD) area code. If an IBC or tank has a capacity of not more than 3 cubic metres, an Emergency Information Panel fixed to the IBC or tank may have dimensions not less than half a full sized EIP Where practicable, a marking on a package should be placed in a position in which it will be visible if the package is stacked with other packages in the normal way. Two labels should be placed in positions adjacent to one another on the same face of the package
Unit Load - General requirements If packages are transported in a unit load, the following provisions apply: (a) the packages must be (i) approved sole or combination packages unless otherwise exempted; and (ii) secured in the unit load; and (b) the unit load must be wrapped, strapped or otherwise secured in a manner that minimizes the likelihood of damage to the packages during transport; and (c) if the unit load is intended to support overstowage it must be of a shape suitable for this purpose and strong enough to support stacking of unit loads of similar density to the height to which they are intended to be stacked during transport; and (d) the unit load must be strong enough to withstand repeated handling; and (e) the materials used to wrap the unit load must be capable of withstanding exposure to moisture, extremes of temperature, sunlight and minor leakages of substance in the unit load; and (f) the unit load must be suitable for lifting by fork lift truck or other lifting apparatus; and (g) if the lifting points are not apparent on the unit load, they must be marked on the load.
Marking a unit load—pallets This applies to a unit load that is made up of: (a) packages of dangerous goods stacked on a pallet or other base and secured by strapping, shrink or stretch wrap or other material; and (b) packages of dangerous goods in a protective outer container such as a pallet box. The unit load must be marked with the following labels: (a) a division label for each division of dangerous goods in the load; and (b) any subsidiary risk label that is applicable to the dangerous goods in the load and that is not the same as any division label applicable to dangerous goods in the load. Each label must be placed: (a) if the unit load is constructed with lifting points for fork-lift tines—on at least 2 Sides of the load above the lifting points on those sides; or (b) if the unit load is not constructed with lifting points for fork-lift tines—on at least 2 opposite sides of the load.
VEHICLE Safety Standards A vehicle used to transport dangerous goods: (a) must be suitable for transporting the goods; and (b) must be free of any defect that is likely to create a risk in transporting the goods; and (c) must be clean; and (d) in the case of a tank vehicle—must be free from dangerous goods which are incompatible with the dangerous goods to be transported; and (e) in the case of a road vehicle used to transport a freight container or tank container—must be fitted with twistlocks or other equipment for securing a container on a vehicle set out in AS/NZS 3711.10; and Any equipment that is on the vehicle and that is to be used in loading dangerous goods onto the vehicle, or unloading dangerous goods from the vehicle: (a) must be suitable for the purpose; and (b) must be free of any defect that is likely to increase risk in loading or unloading the goods. (3) Any equipment that is on the vehicle and that is to be used in transferring dangerous goods in large package into or from the vehicle: (a) must be suitable for the purpose; and (b) must be free of any defect that is likely to increase risk in transferring the goods
Placarding a road vehicle for packaged dangerous goods A road vehicle transporting a placard load of packaged dangerous goods but no Dangerous goods in large package must be placarded with: If there is only one division of dangerous goods on the vehicle: (i) division labels for the goods; and (ii) subsidiary risk labels applicable to the goods; or If a road vehicle must be placarded with a label, the label must be at least 250 millimeters square If there is more than one division of dangerous goods on the vehicle during the journey, either or both of the following: (i) mixed division labels; (ii) division labels for each division of dangerous goods on the vehicle and any subsidiary risk label that is applicable to the dangerous goods except where that risk is already indicated by a division label on the vehicle Where labels are required to be placarded on a road vehicle transporting packaged dangerous goods, the label or labels must be placed at the front and rear of the vehicle. Where labels are required to be placarded on a combination road vehicle transporting packaged dangerous goods, the label or labels must be placed: (a) at the front and rear of the combination; and (b) on each side of each vehicle which forms part of the combination and on which a placard load is being transported..
Placarding a road vehicle for large dangerous goods A road vehicle transporting dangerous goods in large package having the same UN Number but no packaged dangerous goods must be placarded with: A division label or labels at the front of the vehicle; and (If a road vehicle must be placarded with a label, the label must be at least 250 millimeters Square) An Emergency Information Panel or Emergency Information Panels on each side of An Emergency Information Panel at the rear of the vehicle; and In the case of a combination road vehicle—an Emergency Information Panel or Emergency Information Panels on each side of each vehicle which forms part of the combination and on which dangerous goods in large package are being transported.
Placarding a road vehicle containing packaged and large packages A road vehicle transporting dangerous goods in large package and packaged dangerous goods must be placarded with the following: The Emergency Information Panels and labels applicable to the dangerous goods in large package as if there were only dangerous goods in large package on the vehicle; and A division labels for each division of dangerous goods on the vehicle and any subsidiary risk label that is applicable to the dangerous goods except where that risk is already indicated by a division label; or If the packaged dangerous goods on the vehicle are of different divisions and are not of the same division as the dangerous goods in bulk, mixed division labels may be used instead of any or all labels required.
Shipping documentation for empty containers Shipping documentation is not required for a load of empty containers that have contained dangerous goods of Packing Group II or III but that have not been freed Of dangerous goods if the containers: (a) each have a capacity of less than 20L; or (b) are collapsed packagings or collapsed flexible IBCs. Shipping documentation is required for a load of empty containers that have not been freed of dangerous goods, Where shipping documentation is required for a load of empty containers that have not been freed of dangerous goods, words to the effect that the load contains empty containers of dangerous goods (for example “EMPTY D/G DRUMS”; “D/G RESIDUE” or “RETURN EMPTY D/G PACKAGES”) may be used in the documentation instead of the information required.
Test your knowledge • Through the following slides you will be asked an number of questions to show that you have understood the content of this learning tool • Please record your answer on a sheet of paper. • For example for Question 1 you have four possible answers, therefore record either a b c d. • You will be required to submit the answers to the DGL HSEQ unit
Question 1 • Classes 1, 2, 6.2 and 7 are not assigned to a Packing Group • a) True • b) False
Question 2 Standard markings for packaged dangerous goods include: • The proper shipping name • The UN Number • A class diamond label • Applicable subsidiary risk label • The name and address in Australia of the manufacturer or consignor of the dangerous goods, or their agent. • a) True • b) False
Question 3 • IBC’s only require 1 EIP on the package (Emergency Information Panel) for transport • a) True • b) False
Question 4 • Emergency Response Guide (EPG) and shipping documentation must be stored in the glove box of a vehicle • a) True • b) False
Question 5 • IBC’s emergency information panels can be • a) half the size of a normal EIP • b) a third of the size of a normal EIP • c) a quarter of the size of a normal EIP • d) any of the above
Question 6 • The size of division label for the front of a vehicle must be • a) 50mm square • b) 150mm square • c) 250mm square
Question 7 When considering whether a self-reactive or related substance or organic peroxide has been stowed in a manner that is likely to create an explosion hazard, which of the following factors need to be considered a) the quantity of the dangerous goods; and b) the type of package used; and c) the number of packages; and d) the manner in which packages are stowed. e) All of the above
Question 8 • Packaging Group I products represent the • a) greatest danger • b) least danger
Additional information • For more information on Class 3 products the following sources may be of assistance • Australian Dangerous Goods Code 7th Edition • Available to all DGL employees via the company’s intranet
