Technical parameters and propagation model for planning

1. Regional Workshop on planning of digital terrestrial broadcasting in relation to RRC-06 for CEE, CIS and Baltic States (Moscow, 21 –24 September 2004) Technical parameters and propagation model for planning Pham Nhu Hai Radiocommunication Bureau

2. Outline • Strategic considerations • Planning considerations • Planning criteria • Propagation model RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

3. Important strategic decisions • What sort of communication models? • Political • Economic • Technical- convergence RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

4. Planning considerations • Producing a digital plan • Complex, multi-dimensional project • Many technical inputs • Minimum signal levels • Protection ratios • Type of reception, etc…. • No single and universal solution RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

5. In developing the digital plan • Use representative criteria and parameters • Ensure flexibility for future demands • Conversion between reception modes • Fixed to portable and mobile reception • Network configuration • Evolution from MFN to SFN RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

6. Planning considerations • Frequency bands • Reception modes • System variants • Network structure • Coverage quality RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

7. Frequency bands? • 174-230 MHz • DVB-T and T-DAB • No rigid splitting except on national basis • Mixed TV channel spacing • Non-aligned TV channels • 470-862 MHz • DVB-T at 8 MHZ channel spacing RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

8. Which reception mode? • DVB-T • Fixed • Portable outdoor and indoor • Mobile • T-DAB • Mobile • Portable indoor RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

9. DVB-T system variants? • 2k or 8k OFDM • System variants • Hierarchical or non-hierarchical Modulation • QPSK, 16QAM or 64 QAM • Code rate • Bit rate • 120 DVB-T system variants RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

10. Network structure? • MFN • SFN • Dense SFN RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

11. Coverage quality? • In terms of percentage of location • 70% • 95% • 99% RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

12. Planning criteria • Minimum median field strength • 50% of locations, 50% of time and 10 m a.g.l • Calculated from • C/N • Receiving conditions • Location correction factors • Protection ratios RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

13. C/N and Data rate vs code rate (source EBU) RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

14. C/N and Data rate vs guard interval(source EBU) RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

15. Fixed reception • Radiation pattern of receiving antenna • ITU-R BT.419 • Receiving antenna gain • 7/10/12 dB for 200/500/800 MHz • Feeder loss • 2/3/5 dB for 200/500/800 MHz • Location probability – 95% • Polarization discrimination - Yes RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

16. Portable reception • Antenna pattern: omnidirectional • Antenna gain: -2.2/0 dB for VHF/UHF • Feeder loss: 0 dB • Height loss at 1.5 m • 12/16/18 dB for 200/500/800 MHz • Building penetration loss • 9/8 dB for VHF/UHF RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

17. Portable reception (2) • Location probability • DVB-T: 70% to 95% • T-DAB: 95% (indoor) • Polarization discrimination • Not taken into account RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

18. Mobile reception • Antenna pattern: omnidirectional • Antenna gain: -2.2/0 dB for VHF/UHF • Feeder loss: 0dB • Height loss at 1.5 m • 12/16/18 dB for 200/500/800 MHz • Location probability: 99% • Polarization discrimination: No RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

19. Calculate minimum median field strength • Minimum C/N • Receiver noise input power (receiver noise figure and noise bandwidth) • Effective antenna aperture (antenna gain) • Feeder loss • Minimum field strength • Man-made noise • Height loss • Building penetration loss • Location correction factor • Minimum median field strength RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

20. Minimum median field strength – DVB-T • How to calculate? RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

21. Emed for DVB-T Reference Planning configurations RPC1: RPC for fixed roof reception RPC2: RPC for portable outdoor or low coverage quality portable indoor or mobile reception RPC3: RPC for higher coverage quality for portable indoor recption RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

22. Emed for T-DAB Reference planning configurations RPC4: RPC for mobile reception RPC5: RPC for portable indoor reception RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

23. Protection ratios Unwanted Wanted ITU-R BT. 1368 DVB-T DVB-T ITU-R BS. 1660 T-DAB T-DAB 15 dB ITU-R BS. 1660 Analogue TV ITU-R BT. 1368 Analogue TV ITU-R T. 655 RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

24. Propagation model • ITU-R P.1546-1 modified • 9 geographical zones • Measurement results • Theoretical considerations • No terrain height database used • Free space prediction used in for airborne stations RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004

25. RRC Workshop for CEE, CIS and Baltic States, Moscow, 21-24 Sept 2004