Judicial Review Power: The Backbone of the Legal System

1. The Supreme Court 7th Grade Civics Miss Smith *pgs. 189-192 Civics in Practice

2. The Power of Judicial Review • ______________ laws can be ________ thanks to the power of judicial ______ • ________ review- courts’ power to decide whether a law or presidential ______ is in agreement with the __________ • The _______ _____ holds this ultimate _________ • The Constitution doesn’t mention judicial review, it was established by which court case?

3. Choosing Cases • More than __,___ cases are filed with the Supreme Court each ____ • The court may decide only about ____-____ of those • It accepts only cases that generally deal with important _____________ or national __________ • At least ___ of the ___ justices must vote to hear a case • If the Supreme Court doesn’t take the case, the decision of the lower court ______ • The Supreme Court can also _______ a case, or return it to a lower court for a ____ ______

4. Hearing and Deciding Cases • Lawyers have ______ to present their arguments • Justices then go over the __________ and consider what was said in ______ • When they are ready to decide on a case, they hold a _______ meeting and ____ • The court then offers its _______, which explains the reasoning that came to the Supreme Court’s _________ • This is ________ in all lower courts

5. Hearing and Deciding Cases • Concurring opinion- explanation of a justice who ______ with the decision of the ________, but for different reasons • Dissenting opinion- explanation of the reasoning of justices who ________ with a ________ Supreme Court decision • These have ___ effect on the law • BUT, they can become laws if societal _______ and ________ of the justices ______ • Ex: Plessy v. Ferguson: Justice Harlan dissented. He said the Constitution did not recognize _____ or ______ distinctions

6. Supreme Court Justices • ___ justices • ___ chief justices and ___ associate justices • No ____________ to become a justice • Appointed for ____ by the president and approved by ______ • Can be __________

7. Checking the Court’s Power • Executive Branch: President appoints ___ federal judges • Legislative Branch: ______ confirms nominees • If they ______ the nominee, the president must ______ _________ ____ • If the Court declares a law unconstitutional, Congress could either ______ the law or ______ the Constitution in order to _____ the law

8. Strengthening Rights • Brown v. Board of Education: decided that _____________ in public schools was unconstitutional • This reversed the earlier decision that __________ was okay as long as it was “separate but _____” • Miranda v. Arizona: declared that the _______ must inform ________ suspects of their rights before ___________ them